[655] in tlhIngan-Hol
Relative clauses; passive of verbs etc.
daemon@ATHENA.MIT.EDU (daemon@ATHENA.MIT.EDU)
Thu Apr 22 15:17:14 1993
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Reply-To: "Klingon Language List" <tlhIngan-Hol@village.boston.ma.us>
From: "DAVID R. BARRON" <71603.2241@CompuServe.COM>
To: "Klingon Language List" <tlhIngan-Hol@village.boston.ma.us>
Date: 22 Apr 93 12:29:48 EDT
A. Appleyard had some interesting questions to which I offer my
suggestions.
(1) relative clauses, when sayin 'qamapu' qIppu'bogh yaS' you're
either saying "the officer who hit the prisoners" or "the prisoners who
were hit by the officer" either way its clear who hit whom. But which is
the topic? In HolQeD vol.1 no.4 Captain Krankor answers this well. all
you need to do is add the topic suffix -'e'.
Thus:"The officer who hit the prisoners."- qamapu' qIppu'bogh yaS'e'
"THe prisoners who're hit by the officer." -qamapu''e' qIppu'bogh yaS
From the same article is HolQeD one would say "I found the phasers in the
room in which the officer had been shot."
pa'Daq bachpu'bogh yaS pu'mey vItu'
(2) How to say in the passive infinitie form "I want to be shot."
perhaps this is sufficent: bachghach vIHev vIneH. Translation "I want to
recieve the/a shot."
(3) I agree that it would be nice to easily distinguish between the
"agent" and the "instument" till then we might settle for bavwI' "orbitor"
and bavbogh nuv "person who orbits".
(4) TIme clauses. asks how to say "five days after X happens" first I
assume he means "five days after X will happen" if so I suggest
qaSpu' vagh jajmey 'ej machegh - "Five days have occured and we'll
return."
If you're trying to say "X happens then five days after"
machegh 'ej qaS vagh jajmey
as in "five days after we return"
(8) I too have wanted a suffix that can say "must" but for now it seems
that -nISqu' or "REALLY need to" might work.
(10) How to say "to cause" as a separate word. As far as I know there is
no word that will suffice but the concept can be described in a sentence.
Here's an example;
"The officer caused the guard to betray his duty-station."
yaHDaj maghpu' 'avwI' 'e' qaSta' yaSmo'
The literal translation is "The guard betrayed his duty-station this
occured intentionally because of the officer." But saddly this won't work
because it says on pg 66 TKD "In complex sentence of this type the second
verb never takes an aspect suffix." So we must settle for
yaHDaj maghta' 'avwI 'e' qaS yaSmo'
and hope the message gets across.
David Barron
