[13761] in Perl-Users-Digest
Perl-Users Digest, Issue: 1171 Volume: 9
daemon@ATHENA.MIT.EDU (Perl-Users Digest)
Mon Oct 25 04:05:46 1999
Date: Mon, 25 Oct 1999 01:05:12 -0700 (PDT)
From: Perl-Users Digest <Perl-Users-Request@ruby.OCE.ORST.EDU>
To: Perl-Users@ruby.OCE.ORST.EDU (Perl-Users Digest)
Message-Id: <940838712-v9-i1171@ruby.oce.orst.edu>
Content-Type: text
Perl-Users Digest Mon, 25 Oct 1999 Volume: 9 Number: 1171
Today's topics:
[ANNOUNCE] DPC-Du-0.01 <dchrist@dnai.com>
Re: [ANNOUNCE] DPC-Du-0.01 <dchrist@dnai.com>
accepting and sending cookies to servers <enemyNO-SPAM@yahoo.com>
Arggggh! <g> help? <jtjohnston.delete@courrier.usherb.ca>
Re: Arggggh! <g> help? (Eric Bohlman)
Re: Arggggh! <g> help? (Alan Curry)
Re: Arggggh! <g> help? (Alan Curry)
Re: Arggggh! <g> help? (Alan Curry)
Re: changing password in perl (chpasswd) (Alan Curry)
Re: changing password in perl (chpasswd) (Alan Curry)
file manipulation II brunonuts@my-deja.com
file manipulation brunonuts@my-deja.com
Re: How to round a number? (Abigail)
Interpolation and the substitution operator jasonmar@my-deja.com
Is it possible to test run Perl Scripts in Win98? <cvelimsn@nus.edu.sg>
Re: linux perl editor? <slanning@bu.edu>
Modules and the Gnu GPL (Steve Vertigan)
Re: Perl ISAPI not seeming to work quickly. tim_keating@my-deja.com
Re: Random Number <lr@hpl.hp.com>
Re: redirect STDOUT to scalar <dgarstan@nsw.bigpond.net.au>
Re: Reference challenge <rick.delaney@home.com>
Re: Reference challenge (Bart Lateur)
Re: Regular Expression problem (Abigail)
Re: Regular Expression...to remove last Field!!!! <umungo01@shafika.vetri.com>
Re: removing newlines from a string. <lr@hpl.hp.com>
Re: removing newlines from a string. (Tad McClellan)
Re: replacing special characters to %xx for browsers (Abigail)
Re: Request style comments (code included - longish) <lr@hpl.hp.com>
Re: Security on the web with Perl (Jim)
Re: Security on the web with Perl (Sam Holden)
Re: Security on the web with Perl (Jim)
Re: Security on the web with Perl (Martien Verbruggen)
Re: Splitting a long line with irregular spaces <dgarstan@nsw.bigpond.net.au>
Re: Splitting a long line with irregular spaces <dgarstan@nsw.bigpond.net.au>
Stanford Perl Mongers 10/26: Larry Rosler <flash@pobox.com>
Re: Substitution (Bart Lateur)
Re: Using "use strict" and "Getopt" together c_j_marshall@my-deja.com
Win32::AdminMisc <jorn.walle@gilde.no>
Re: write binary? <lr@hpl.hp.com>
Digest Administrivia (Last modified: 16 Sep 99) (Perl-Users-Digest Admin)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: Sun, 24 Oct 1999 23:53:42 -0700
From: "David Christensen" <dchrist@dnai.com>
Subject: [ANNOUNCE] DPC-Du-0.01
Message-Id: <7v0uut$7ej$1@pollux.dnai.com>
comp.lang.perl.misc:
I've put together my first little module. It's similar to
Data::Dumper, but the results can be evaluated. The man page
follows. It's on my personal web site for now:
http://www.dnai.com/~dchrist/perl/DPC-Du/
I built it on a Win98 machine, and could really use some
constructive feedback from people on different platforms.
--
David Christensen
dchrist@dnai.com
NAME
DPC::Du - dump variable, compatible with eval().
version 0.01, 24-Oct-1999
SYNOPSIS
use DPC::Du qw(du du_debug du_debug_base);
DESCRIPTION
du_debug($level)
du_debug_base($base)
Set the debug level and base for the DPC::Du.pm module.
$level - $base <= 0 yields no info.
$level - $base == 1 yields some info.
$level - $base == 2 yields more info.
$level - $base >= 3 yields the most info.
du(ARG)
Returns a string representation of ARG in a format suitable for
evaluation. ARG may be a scalar, array, hash, or reference to
same. Recursively descends data structures, dereferencing along
the way. Named references are lost in a du() - eval() process --
e.g. the dereferencing results in a seperate copy.
NOTES
1. This software was build on a Win98 machine with Activer Perl
(build 519), GNU Software for MS-Windows and MS-DOS (version
1.0?), and Microsoft nmake (version 1.5).
2. I have tried to follow the Perl / Un*x tool chain convention
outlined in the Perl Cookbook.
3. To install, unzip the files into a build directory and type:
perl Makefile.PL
make
make test
make install
4. Once installed, study and run test.pl with the forced failure
flag (-f) turned on and/or with various debug levels (d1 through
d3) enabled:
perl test.pl -f -d3 | less
5. Please let me know if it won't build, test, or work correctly
for you. Please turn up the debug level and include the output &
source code with any bug reports. I welcome code reviews and/or
patches.
AUTHOR
David Paul Christensen, dchrist@dnai.com
http://www.dnai.com/~dchrist/
SEE ALSO
Data::Dumper.pm
LICENSE AND WARRANTEE
This software is distributed under the same terms as Perl
itself. No warrantee is given or implied -- use at your own
risk.
------------------------------
Date: Mon, 25 Oct 1999 00:19:27 -0700
From: "David Christensen" <dchrist@dnai.com>
Subject: Re: [ANNOUNCE] DPC-Du-0.01
Message-Id: <7v10d1$7i7$1@pollux.dnai.com>
Open mouth, insert foot:
> It's similar to Data::Dumper, but the results can be evaluated.
Change that to "It's similar to Data::Dumper, including evaluation
of results."
--
David Christensen
dchrist@dnai.com
------------------------------
Date: Mon, 25 Oct 1999 04:12:28 GMT
From: "KJS" <enemyNO-SPAM@yahoo.com>
Subject: accepting and sending cookies to servers
Message-Id: <MMQQ3.2543$1n5.17024@news.rdc1.wa.home.com>
Hello!
I'm trying to get my perl code to act like a web browser in that it will
accept a cookie from a web server and send it with a request. I currently
retrieve the document like this:
$ua = LWP::UserAgent->new();
my $req = POST 'http://www.somedomain.com/cgi-bin/form_script.cgi,
[ NAME => 'Bob', TOWN => 'anytown' ];
$content = $ua->request($req)->as_string;
I'd like to know:
1. If it is possible to send a "stored" cookie in this request.
2. How to store a cookie that is returned by this request.
Thanks in advance to any of you who can help!
Kevin
------------------------------
Date: Mon, 25 Oct 1999 00:46:58 -0400
From: JTJ <jtjohnston.delete@courrier.usherb.ca>
Subject: Arggggh! <g> help?
Message-Id: <3813E0C2.6548@courrier.usherb.ca>
I'm trying to write data to a text file. The problem is ...
How can I generate $in{''}
$in{'question1'}
$in{'question2'}
$in{'question3'}
$in{'question4'}
as in the example (WHICH FAILS) below. Can this be done somehow?
###########################################################
$QuestionsCount = 4;
open(GW,">$BaseDir$DataFile");
for ($count =1; $count <=$QuestionsCount; $count++)
{
print GW "\t$in{'question$count'}";
}
close GW;
###########################################################
I'm using a html form which generates:
###########################################################
$QuestionsCount = 4;
for ($count =1; $count <=$QuestionsCount; $count++)
{
print "<INPUT TYPE=\"text\" NAME=\"question$count\">\n";
}
###########################################################
Thanks
JTJ
------------------------------
Date: 25 Oct 1999 06:51:47 GMT
From: ebohlman@netcom.com (Eric Bohlman)
Subject: Re: Arggggh! <g> help?
Message-Id: <7v0um3$kp$3@nntp6.atl.mindspring.net>
JTJ (jtjohnston.delete@courrier.usherb.ca) wrote:
:
: How can I generate $in{''}
: $in{'question1'}
: $in{'question2'}
: $in{'question3'}
: $in{'question4'}
:
: print GW "\t$in{'question$count'}";
Lose the single quotes. Since they're inside a double-quoted string
they're treated literally, which means that you're trying to look up hash
keys with embedded single quotes, which you don't have (i.e. the hash key
you want is called question1, but you're looking for a key made up of a
single quote, question1, and another single quote).
------------------------------
Date: Mon, 25 Oct 1999 07:29:55 GMT
From: pacman@defiant.cqc.com (Alan Curry)
Subject: Re: Arggggh! <g> help?
Message-Id: <TFTQ3.36239$E_1.2053176@typ11.nn.bcandid.com>
In article <7v0um3$kp$3@nntp6.atl.mindspring.net>,
Eric Bohlman <ebohlman@netcom.com> wrote:
>JTJ (jtjohnston.delete@courrier.usherb.ca) wrote:
>:
>: How can I generate $in{''}
>: $in{'question1'}
>: $in{'question2'}
>: $in{'question3'}
>: $in{'question4'}
>:
>: print GW "\t$in{'question$count'}";
>
>Lose the single quotes. Since they're inside a double-quoted string
>they're treated literally, which means that you're trying to look up hash
>keys with embedded single quotes, which you don't have (i.e. the hash key
So I'm not the only one who had trouble predicting double-quotish
interpolation!
Actually whatever is inside the brackets of a subscripted variable being
interpolated in double quotes is evaluated as a full perl expression, not in
double-quotish context itself. For example
#!/usr/bin/perl -wl
use strict;
my $a=2;
my %x = ( 2 => 'two', '$a' => 37);
print "$x{1+1}";
print "$x{'$a'}";
So those single-quotes there are not causing any trouble.
--
Alan Curry |Declaration of | _../\. ./\.._ ____. ____.
pacman@cqc.com|bigotries (should| [ | | ] / _> / _>
--------------+save some time): | \__/ \__/ \___: \___:
Linux,vim,trn,GPL,zsh,qmail,^H | "Screw you guys, I'm going home" -- Cartman
------------------------------
Date: Mon, 25 Oct 1999 07:38:49 GMT
From: pacman@defiant.cqc.com (Alan Curry)
Subject: Re: Arggggh! <g> help?
Message-Id: <dOTQ3.36257$E_1.2053740@typ11.nn.bcandid.com>
In article <3813E0C2.6548@courrier.usherb.ca>,
JTJ <jtjohnston.delete@courrier.usherb.ca> wrote:
>$QuestionsCount = 4;
>
> open(GW,">$BaseDir$DataFile");
> for ($count =1; $count <=$QuestionsCount; $count++)
> {
> print GW "\t$in{'question$count'}";
> }
> close GW;
You're looking for interpolation within an interpolated subscript. You need
double quotes within double quotes. Here are a few ways to do it:
#!/usr/bin/perl -wl
$in{'question1'} = 'who';
$in{'question2'} = 'what';
$in{'question3'} = 'when';
$in{'question4'} = 'where';
for $count (1..4) {
print "\t$in{\"question$count\"}"; # basic backslash usage
#print qq!\t$in{"question$count"}!; # customize your delimiters
#print "\t$in{qq!question$count!}"; # customize the other ones
#print qq(\t$in{qq(question$count)}); # you can nest open-close delimiters
#print "\t$in{'question'.$count}"; # homebrew interpolation
}
--
Alan Curry |Declaration of | _../\. ./\.._ ____. ____.
pacman@cqc.com|bigotries (should| [ | | ] / _> / _>
--------------+save some time): | \__/ \__/ \___: \___:
Linux,vim,trn,GPL,zsh,qmail,^H | "Screw you guys, I'm going home" -- Cartman
------------------------------
Date: Mon, 25 Oct 1999 07:39:58 GMT
From: pacman@defiant.cqc.com (Alan Curry)
Subject: Re: Arggggh! <g> help?
Message-Id: <iPTQ3.36258$E_1.2053813@typ11.nn.bcandid.com>
In article <TFTQ3.36239$E_1.2053176@typ11.nn.bcandid.com>, I wrote:
>
>So those single-quotes there are not causing any trouble.
Except of course that they prevent the interpolation of the $count variable,
which I found out when I went back to answer the original post :)
--
Alan Curry |Declaration of | _../\. ./\.._ ____. ____.
pacman@cqc.com|bigotries (should| [ | | ] / _> / _>
--------------+save some time): | \__/ \__/ \___: \___:
Linux,vim,trn,GPL,zsh,qmail,^H | "Screw you guys, I'm going home" -- Cartman
------------------------------
Date: Mon, 25 Oct 1999 07:16:43 GMT
From: pacman@defiant.cqc.com (Alan Curry)
Subject: Re: changing password in perl (chpasswd)
Message-Id: <vtTQ3.36207$E_1.2052216@typ11.nn.bcandid.com>
In article <7v01cu$vkh$1@nnrp1.deja.com>, <amir142@my-deja.com> wrote:
>Because chpasswd requires data from STDIN, example:
>$ /usr/sbin/chpasswd
>(just a blinking cursor, you have to type username:newpassword, so:)
>amirm:mypassword
>(then you have to press ^D to exit the program).
>
>So, in Perl, I want to use the < to redirect the input, here is my line
>in perl:
>
>$command = `/usr/sbin/chpasswd < /bin/echo -e amirm:mypassword\\^D`;
There are several things wrong with that line. First, you're using
</bin/echo, which is just feeding the /bin/echo file (which is probably not a
series of username:password pairs) to chpasswd.
What you meant to write was
$command = `/bin/echo -e amirm:mypassword\\^D | /usr/sbin/chpasswd`;
which pipes the output of echo into the input of chpasswd.
The next problem is your desire to stuff a ^D where one doesn't belong. When
you run chpassswd interactively, you must use ^D to terminate it because its
stdin is your tty, and ^D is how you send an EOF on a tty. Anywhere else, ^D
does not have that special interpretation. It's just another character. So
the backslash and the caret and the D (which weren't doing what you think
anyway), are just getting in the way. Let's try
$command = `/bin/echo -e amirm:mypassword | /usr/sbin/chpasswd`;
Getting closer. This one might actually work. In a pipeline, EOFs happen
automatically. You don't need to worry about them. (Someday you'll want to
build your own pipelines with pipe() and fork(), and you can worry about it
then.) You mentioned the Return key. Well, that's taken care of by echo,
which always prints a newline at the end of whatever it echoes, unless you
ask it not to.
Next question: what's that -e doing there? Maybe it has something to do with
trying to construct a "\cD" out of a caret and a D. I don't like it.
$command = `/bin/echo amirm:mypassword | /usr/sbin/chpasswd`;
Now why are we running this in ``? Do we want to capture the output of
chpasswd? I don't think so. Are you doing anything with $command after that?
Try system() instead.
system("/bin/echo amirm:mypassword | /usr/sbin/chpasswd");
Our next issue is security. You're putting a password on a command line. Two,
in fact. (The first is the shell being passed the whole system() command, and
the second is the echo which you've strangely insisted be executed from /bin
rather than the shell builtin.) Passwords in command line are Very Naughty.
To do this right, you should open a pipe to chpasswd and print to it directly
from the perl script.
open(CHPASSWD, "|/usr/sbin/chpasswd") or die "pipefork chpasswd: $!\n";
print CHPASSWD "amirm:mypassword\n" or die "print to chpasswd: $!\n";
close(CHPASSWD) or die "close chpasswd: $! (exit $?)\n";
Note how the \n must now be included explicitly, since the echo is out of the
picture. The closing of the pipe is the equivalent of your original ^D.
--
Alan Curry |Declaration of | _../\. ./\.._ ____. ____.
pacman@cqc.com|bigotries (should| [ | | ] / _> / _>
--------------+save some time): | \__/ \__/ \___: \___:
Linux,vim,trn,GPL,zsh,qmail,^H | "Screw you guys, I'm going home" -- Cartman
------------------------------
Date: Mon, 25 Oct 1999 07:19:31 GMT
From: pacman@defiant.cqc.com (Alan Curry)
Subject: Re: changing password in perl (chpasswd)
Message-Id: <7wTQ3.36214$E_1.2051893@typ11.nn.bcandid.com>
In article <7v06a9$5n2$2@pollux.dnai.com>,
David Christensen <dchrist@dnai.com> wrote:
>Amir:
>
>> I am trying to create user accounts with perl over the web.
>
>Try putting your question on:
>
> comp.infosystems.www.authoring.cgi
Just because the web is involved doesn't make it a CGI problem.
(Kinda like just because perl is involved doesn't make it a perl language
problem)
Read the original question. It was related to the meaning of ^D on a tty, and
a general "never used a pipe for IPC before and don't know which way to turn"
problem.
Relax your CGI trigger finger.
--
Alan Curry |Declaration of | _../\. ./\.._ ____. ____.
pacman@cqc.com|bigotries (should| [ | | ] / _> / _>
--------------+save some time): | \__/ \__/ \___: \___:
Linux,vim,trn,GPL,zsh,qmail,^H | "Screw you guys, I'm going home" -- Cartman
------------------------------
Date: Mon, 25 Oct 1999 07:08:40 GMT
From: brunonuts@my-deja.com
Subject: file manipulation II
Message-Id: <7v0vln$j9n$1@nnrp1.deja.com>
hi, whats up my dear perl freaks?
i am trying to write a script to search and overwrite
paterns in a file, but for some reason, it is erasing the whole file
here is the thing:
#!/usr/bin/perl
open(pray,">dead.txt")||die"Shit:$!\n";
while ($line=<pray>){
if($line=~/adm/){
print pray"no more\n";
}
}
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Before you buy.
------------------------------
Date: Mon, 25 Oct 1999 07:04:28 GMT
From: brunonuts@my-deja.com
Subject: file manipulation
Message-Id: <7v0vds$j08$1@nnrp1.deja.com>
Hi, I work with electronic editing and
I use perl beside other tools to turn my life not so hard
if you would like to exchange or just send me some scripts and ideas my
e-mail is twisted8@aros.net
or: bruno@compassdata.com
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Before you buy.
------------------------------
Date: 25 Oct 1999 02:36:13 -0500
From: abigail@delanet.com (Abigail)
Subject: Re: How to round a number?
Message-Id: <slrn81822l.fji.abigail@alexandra.delanet.com>
Samuel Kilchenmann (skilchen@swissonline.ch) wrote on MMCCXLVI September
MCMXCIII in <URL:news:5nPQ3.26281$m4.95656863@news.magma.ca>:
## Abigail <abigail@delanet.com> wrote in message
## news:slrn81664c.fji.abigail@alexandra.delanet.com...
## > Francois Dupradeau (fyd@u-picardie.fr) wrote on MMCCXLIII September
## > MCMXCIII in <URL:news:3810B735.41C6@u-picardie.fr>:
## > __
## > __ Is there a function in Perl to round off the 2nd or the thrird
## > __ (or the 5th, etc...) number after the decimal point of a number?
## >
## > Yes,
## >
## You mean: No.
No. I mean Yes.
## > RTFM.
## >
## Yes, read it. Strangely enough the only thing you will find is a nice
## little example of a round XSUB in perlxstut.pod.
## Its in the FFAQ where you find the answer that Perl has no round
## function and that you could use (s)printf instead.
Indeed. So, what's the problem? That it isn't called "round"? That's
similar to claiming that Perl doesn't have a "move" function, as
you have to use "rename" instead.
## To ask the question once more: why is there no round function in Perl
## with the same behavior on all platforms?
That's a different question than the one I answered. The advantage of
using the system supplied rounding behaviour is that your programs
behave the same as other programs on the same platform that use the
system supplied behaviour.
If you want a specific rounding behaviour (which one should Perl have
picked?), write your own.
Abigail
--
package Z;use overload'""'=>sub{$b++?Hacker:Another};
sub TIESCALAR{bless\my$y=>Z}sub FETCH{$a++?Perl:Just}
$,=$";my$x=tie+my$y=>Z;print$y,$x,$y,$x,"\n";#Abigail
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------------------------------
Date: Mon, 25 Oct 1999 06:44:14 GMT
From: jasonmar@my-deja.com
Subject: Interpolation and the substitution operator
Message-Id: <7v0u7u$i8v$1@nnrp1.deja.com>
I'm writing a script to rename groups of similar files.
here the basic idea:
print("Enter Expression: ");
$matchExp = <STDIN>;
chop($matchExp);
print("Substitution: ");
$subExp = <STDIN>;
chop($subExp);
now an array of files will be fed into a s// operator like this
$newFileList[$index] =~ s/$matchExp/$subExp/;
which works fine for basic inputs like:
$matchExp = 'foo'
$subExp = 'bar'
I would like to add a third prompt for the modifiers like:
$newFileList[$index] =~ s/$matchExp/$subExp/$modifiers;
but perl hates that last part, refuses to parse it.
Additionally, even when I hard code the modifies like:
$newFileList[$index] =~ s/$matchExp/$subExp/eg;
and using the following inputs:
$matchExp = '(foo)'
$subExp = '$1'
"foobar" would turn into "$1bar"
Can any point me in the right direction.
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Before you buy.
------------------------------
Date: Mon, 25 Oct 1999 13:52:59 +0800
From: Lim Sun Nee <cvelimsn@nus.edu.sg>
Subject: Is it possible to test run Perl Scripts in Win98?
Message-Id: <3447D7F0AFD4D011AE0400608C14CE5614A2FA22@pfs01.ex.nus.edu.sg>
Hi
I am new to Perl programming. I have downloaded some free Perl scripts
from the net and I want to test it out. Can I run it on my PC with Win98
OS?
If I can want software do I need and where can I get them?
If I cannot what should I do?
Thank you
Sunny
------------------------------
Date: 25 Oct 1999 01:18:06 -0400
From: Scott Lanning <slanning@bu.edu>
Subject: Re: linux perl editor?
Message-Id: <kusiu3wyq5t.fsf@strange.bu.edu>
Arved_37@chebucto.ns.ca (Arved Sandstrom) writes:
> - just my state of knowledge at the time. I was favourably impressed,
> I must admit, by the state of integration of RCS into emacs,
And much, much more!
Etags (like ctags) is great for popping to the definition of a function;
it works with perl too.
Compilation mode is good for debugging--much like an IDE, you just
hit enter on a line of compiler output and it takes you to the
offending line of source, like a hyperlink.
> Some bright kids I know use 'joe' and 'pico'. Any thoughts on these?
I use pico for quick edits, sometimes even while I'm using emacs.
If you use pine, then it's very natural (since pico is for pine).
> Still, there are good reasons to maintain 'vi'/'ex' knowledge. When
> that Linux system barfs, and fsck says 'Whoa', and you ain't starting
> up at the runlevel you'd like to, 'vi' might be your friend. :-)
Yeah, I have only a basic knowledge of vi for that reason.
--
"Besides a mathematical inclination, an exceptionally good mastery of
one's native tongue is the most vital asset of a competent programmer."
--Edsger Dijkstra
------------------------------
Date: Mon, 25 Oct 1999 06:00:36 GMT
From: vertigan@bigfoot.com (Steve Vertigan)
Subject: Modules and the Gnu GPL
Message-Id: <3813f09e.100694950@news.iinet.net.au>
A couple of the modules that I've looked at on CPAN are released under the
full GPL (Not the library GPL). As I understand it, any program or library
that I write that uses these modules will also be under the GPL, and if I
wrote a library that I wanted to release under a BSD-style license or the
Artistic license I wouldn't be able to use these modules. Is this a correct
assumption? Also if I'm asked to write a non-free program for an employer
would I be able to use these modules?
Regards,
--Steve
------------------------------
Date: Mon, 25 Oct 1999 04:27:31 GMT
From: tim_keating@my-deja.com
Subject: Re: Perl ISAPI not seeming to work quickly.
Message-Id: <7v0m7h$dc5$1@nnrp1.deja.com>
On ActiveState's home page, they have a link to a webserver plug-in
called PerlEx that is supposed to enable fast CGI:
> Version 1.1.6 of PerlEx Released
> September 28th, 1999 Version 1.1.6 of PerlEx, a plug-in for Windows
> NT Webservers, is now available. If you need better performance from
> your Perl CGI applications, you need PerlEx!
> Get it now!
Don't know what's up with it, but you might give it a try.
TK
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Before you buy.
------------------------------
Date: Sun, 24 Oct 1999 20:24:30 -0700
From: Larry Rosler <lr@hpl.hp.com>
Subject: Re: Random Number
Message-Id: <MPG.127d6d425f9043898a113@nntp.hpl.hp.com>
In article <38132193.9657D5A1@earthlink.net> on Sun, 24 Oct 1999
11:11:16 -0400, andrew_lee <andrew_lee@earthlink.net> says...
> Fungus@hello.net wrote:
> > I need a good algorithm that generates a random integer
> > between 1 and 14 (inclusive). This needs to run inside a "for" loop.
> > So the new random number needs to be different than the previous
> > number.
>
> ####
> # Pseudo Random Number Generator without repeats
> ####
> sub PRNG { #takes num and seed and range
> local($num, $seed, $range) = @_;
Don't use 'local' when 'my' will do the job.
> srand($seed);
Not needed in modern perls (>= 5.004).
> undef($i);
This does nothing useful.
> $i = 0;
And this should have a 'my' declaration.
> while ($i < $num) {
> $rand = int(rand $range);
my $rand ...
> if($hash{$rand}) { next; }
> else { $hash{$rand} = 1; }
> $i++;
> }
> return %hash;
That returns a whole bunch of 1's interspersed with the real answer,
which is the keys of %hash.
> }
I posted this in another thread today. Modified for your needs:
my %hash;
$hash{1 + int rand 14}++ while keys %hash < $however_many_you_need;
--
(Just Another Larry) Rosler
Hewlett-Packard Laboratories
http://www.hpl.hp.com/personal/Larry_Rosler/
lr@hpl.hp.com
------------------------------
Date: Tue, 19 Oct 1999 19:21:11 +1000
From: "Douglas Garstang" <dgarstan@nsw.bigpond.net.au>
Subject: Re: redirect STDOUT to scalar
Message-Id: <7uhda2$lr5$1@m2.c2.telstra-mm.net.au>
Andreas,
How's about something like...
print2 ("Some text");
print2 ("Some more text");
sub print2 {
my ($txt) = @_;
$str += $txt; # make str global
}
Regards
Douglas.
Andreas Vierengel wrote in message
<78ECC8213FC1782C.D2375355E6E24E2C.179F5A95CE436C28@lp.airnews.net>...
>I would like to redirect STDOUT to a scalar.
>Background is, I want to catch the output of all print-statement in a
script,
>compress it, and print it to STDOUT afterwards.
>
>Is "tie" the solution ??
>perhaps fiddling with typeglobs ?
>
>Thanks for any hint.
>
>--Andy
------------------------------
Date: Mon, 25 Oct 1999 04:54:11 GMT
From: Rick Delaney <rick.delaney@home.com>
Subject: Re: Reference challenge
Message-Id: <3813E285.A11F59E1@home.com>
Larry Rosler wrote:
>
> In article <38139FBB.96A373CA@home.com> on Mon, 25 Oct 1999 00:09:15
> GMT, Rick Delaney <rick.delaney@home.com> says...
> > Larry Rosler wrote:
> > >
> > > # How many of Booleans f() and g() are true?
> > > $x = (f() ? 1 : 0) + (g() ? 1 : 0);
> > >
> > > Yecch!
> >
> > Indeed, but you can do better than that.
> >
> > $x = grep $_, f(), g();
>
> I was trying to do worse, not better. Yecch!
>
> This is better, but *undocumented*:
>
> $x = f() + g();
For some values of better. I was just pointing out that Perl has a
counting operator. Scalar grep.
> What I was really after was using the result of the Boolean in some
> real computation as implicitly 1 or 0, without gimmicks or ternary
^^^^^^^^
> operators.
I don't think common idiom should be called a gimmick. I am not opposed
to documenting the values of boolean expressions, but neither am I
convinced that this would be useful.
Do you have any other examples where depending on values of 1 and 0
would be useful? Watch that they're not too gimmicky, now.
--
Rick Delaney
rick.delaney@home.com
------------------------------
Date: Mon, 25 Oct 1999 06:57:27 GMT
From: bart.lateur@skynet.be (Bart Lateur)
Subject: Re: Reference challenge
Message-Id: <3814fa70.1003205@news.skynet.be>
Larry Rosler wrote:
>One example is the *fact* that
>the value of a Boolean expression in arithmetic context is 1 or 0 (as in
>C). Yet every time I suggest this, I am told that 'it might change 1n
>the future'.
grep() in a scalar context might be considered as a boolean. Any true
values? Yes. It even tells you how many.
I think it's a pity that index(), in that sense, doesn't return a
boolean value.
--
Bart.
------------------------------
Date: 24 Oct 1999 23:46:09 -0500
From: abigail@delanet.com (Abigail)
Subject: Re: Regular Expression problem
Message-Id: <slrn817o3p.fji.abigail@alexandra.delanet.com>
Justin Perkins (jperkins@mail.wtamu.edu) wrote on MMCCXLIII September
MCMXCIII in <URL:news:3810DBA5.ADAAF198@mail.wtamu.edu>:
$$ I'm parsing html file searching for <img src="foo BAR.gif"> links so I
$$ can change foo BAR.gif to foo bar.gif. My problem is when there is more
$$
$$ than one per line.
$$ Here is my regex:
That's your problem. Don't use a regex.
In your case, HTML::Parser will probably do what you want it to do.
Abigail
--
perl5.004 -wMMath::BigInt -e'$^V=Math::BigInt->new(qq]$^F$^W783$[$%9889$^F47]
.qq]$|88768$^W596577669$%$^W5$^F3364$[$^W$^F$|838747$[8889739$%$|$^F673$%$^W]
.qq]98$^F76777$=56]);$^U=substr($]=>$|=>5)*(q.25..($^W=@^V))=>do{print+chr$^V
%$^U;$^V/=$^U}while$^V!=$^W'
-----------== Posted via Newsfeeds.Com, Uncensored Usenet News ==----------
http://www.newsfeeds.com The Largest Usenet Servers in the World!
------== Over 73,000 Newsgroups - Including Dedicated Binaries Servers ==-----
------------------------------
Date: Mon, 25 Oct 1999 06:30:13 GMT
From: Govindaraj <umungo01@shafika.vetri.com>
Subject: Re: Regular Expression...to remove last Field!!!!
Message-Id: <s17u7lhgbb18@corp.supernews.com>
Thank you very much REG Expersion Guruas...!!!!!
Bart Lateur wrote:
>
> Govindaraj wrote:
>
> >I don't know how difficult/easy this question would be...!!!
> >
> >I have input like below:
> >
> >R:|6||3EB-04-24190||CLAMP||2||||||||2501
> >R:|6||3EB-04-24190||CLAMP||2||||||||test2501
> >
> >How can I remove the last field (i.e |2501 and |test2501) from the above
> >line with the Reqular expression. I don't want to use
> >the Array/split options for this one... I really want to achieve this
> >with our great Regular Expersion.
>
> s/(.*)\|.*/$1/s;
>
> It makes use of the gready nature of RE's, so (.*) slurps up as much as
> possible, i.e. everything up to, but excluding, the last "|".
>
> --
> Bart.
--
Posted via CNET Help.com
http://www.help.com/
------------------------------
Date: Sun, 24 Oct 1999 21:12:46 -0700
From: Larry Rosler <lr@hpl.hp.com>
Subject: Re: removing newlines from a string.
Message-Id: <MPG.127d7894c5a1513898a119@nntp.hpl.hp.com>
In article <7uvqcp$o3s$1@fu-berlin.de> on 24 Oct 1999 20:32:25 GMT,
Gordon Clemmons <g@cw3.net> says...
...
> if you needed it to be in a subroutine you could try
> something like this:
>
> sub strip_newlines {
> $_[0] =~ tr/\n/ /;
> return($_[0]);
> }
> would be sort of silly tho eh?
It would be silly because it modifies its argument in place (assuming it
is modifiable!) and then returns it as the value of the subroutine.
sub strip_newlines {
(my $x = $_[0]) =~ tr/\n/ /;
$x
}
--
(Just Another Larry) Rosler
Hewlett-Packard Laboratories
http://www.hpl.hp.com/personal/Larry_Rosler/
lr@hpl.hp.com
------------------------------
Date: Sun, 24 Oct 1999 19:02:29 -0400
From: tadmc@metronet.com (Tad McClellan)
Subject: Re: removing newlines from a string.
Message-Id: <5630v7.ig5.ln@magna.metronet.com>
Gordon Clemmons (g@cw3.net) wrote:
: tom@no-spam.tnunn.demon.co.uk (Thomas Nunn) wrote in
: <9pp0jAAMdzE4Ews1@tnunn.demon.co.uk>:
: >So I thought I'd write a small routine that removed the newlines. My
: >routine basically said @whatever = split('\n',$string); and then it put
: >the array back together as a string again.
: You were right to think that there was a better way.
: (Just as I am sure there is a better way than mine;)
... here it comes :-)
: This is the ideal time to use th s/// operator.
This is the ideal time to use the tr/// operator.
$string =~ tr/\n\r/ /;
: $string =~ s/\n|\r/ /g;
A char class would be better there (but not as good as tr/// :-)
$string =~ s/[\n\r]/ /g;
--
Tad McClellan SGML Consulting
tadmc@metronet.com Perl programming
Fort Worth, Texas
------------------------------
Date: 25 Oct 1999 00:44:38 -0500
From: abigail@delanet.com (Abigail)
Subject: Re: replacing special characters to %xx for browsers
Message-Id: <slrn817rhd.fji.abigail@alexandra.delanet.com>
Richard Cannon (richard@rcannons.demon.co.uk) wrote on MMCCXLV September
MCMXCIII in <URL:news:940777077.13174.0.nnrp-14.9e985802@news.demon.co.uk>:
First of all, the %xx encoding isn't there for browsers, it's their
for the HTTP protocol.
$$ I am wanting to convert special characters in a string to %xx where xx is
$$ the ascii hex equivalent
$$
$$ e.g ' ' to '%20'
$$
$$ I have tried unpack but blank is converting to 48 for some reason, so I
$$ currently have the following code
Yikes.
s.( /\?:;\@#%<>\{}\[]"'`^~\\\|).sprintf "%%%02x" => ord $1.eg;
whould do what you want it to do. However, I don't think you have
all the specials.
You are however way better off with one of the URI:: modules.
$$ This does not work because of the interpretation of some special characters
$$ in the search.
"Does not work" is a vague term. Does it sit on the couch, eating hot dogs
all day? Describe your problem better, and perhaps someone can help you.
Be vague, and noone can.
Abigail
--
perl -MLWP::UserAgent -MHTML::TreeBuilder -MHTML::FormatText -wle'print +(
HTML::FormatText -> new -> format (HTML::TreeBuilder -> new -> parse (
LWP::UserAgent -> new -> request (HTTP::Request -> new ("GET",
"http://work.ucsd.edu:5141/cgi-bin/http_webster?isindex=perl")) -> content))
=~ /(.*\))[-\s]+Addition/s) [0]'
-----------== Posted via Newsfeeds.Com, Uncensored Usenet News ==----------
http://www.newsfeeds.com The Largest Usenet Servers in the World!
------== Over 73,000 Newsgroups - Including Dedicated Binaries Servers ==-----
------------------------------
Date: Sun, 24 Oct 1999 20:58:56 -0700
From: Larry Rosler <lr@hpl.hp.com>
Subject: Re: Request style comments (code included - longish)
Message-Id: <MPG.127d755f18dfd0ef98a118@nntp.hpl.hp.com>
In article <7uuvq4$g43$1@gellyfish.btinternet.com> on 24 Oct 1999
12:58:44 -0000, Jonathan Stowe <gellyfish@gellyfish.com> says...
...
> > print LOG "\n\n############################################\n\n";
> > print LOG "New testing session begun on $date, $iter iterations
> > requested.\n\n";
> > print LOG "Hostname is $host.\n";
> > print LOG "Default receive buffer size is $rcvbufdef bytes.\n";
> > print LOG "Maximum receive buffer size is $rcvbufmax bytes.\n";
> > print LOG "Default transmit buffer size is $xmtbufdef bytes.\n";
> > print LOG "Maximum transmit buffer size is $xmtbufmax bytes.\n";
> > print LOG "Average RTT is $rtt milliseconds.\n\n";
> > print LOG "Results as follows:\n\n";
>
> Personally as soon as I see more than two consecutive print()s I immediately
> reach for the 'here doc'
Personally as soon as I see more than one consecutive print() I
immediately reach for the 'comma' key.
print LOG "\n\n############################################\n\n",
"New testing session begun on $date, $iter iterations
...
--
(Just Another Larry) Rosler
Hewlett-Packard Laboratories
http://www.hpl.hp.com/personal/Larry_Rosler/
lr@hpl.hp.com
------------------------------
Date: Mon, 25 Oct 1999 01:48:36 -0500
From: jkrogerDONCHA_SPAM_ME@earthlink.net (Jim)
Subject: Re: Security on the web with Perl
Message-Id: <jkrogerDONCHA_SPAM_ME-2510990148370001@ip223.princeton.nj.pub-ip.psi.net>
In article <7uv1cr$g49$1@gellyfish.btinternet.com>, Jonathan Stowe
<gellyfish@gellyfish.com> wrote:
> On Sat, 23 Oct 1999 23:59:26 -0500 Jim wrote:
> > the program is using CGIs, which are
> > Perl.
> >
>
> Wrong. A program that uses the Common Gateway Interface can be written
> in any language that supports its input and output requirements.
>
> Next.
>
> /J\
Hey little twit, feel like a man now?
Jim
------------------------------
Date: 25 Oct 1999 05:56:31 GMT
From: sholden@pgrad.cs.usyd.edu.au (Sam Holden)
Subject: Re: Security on the web with Perl
Message-Id: <slrn817s8f.c91.sholden@pgrad.cs.usyd.edu.au>
On Mon, 25 Oct 1999 01:48:36 -0500,
Jim <jkroger@earthlink.net> wrote:
>In article <7uv1cr$g49$1@gellyfish.btinternet.com>, Jonathan Stowe
><gellyfish@gellyfish.com> wrote:
>
>> On Sat, 23 Oct 1999 23:59:26 -0500 Jim wrote:
>> > the program is using CGIs, which are
>> > Perl.
>> >
>>
>> Wrong. A program that uses the Common Gateway Interface can be written
>> in any language that supports its input and output requirements.
>>
>> Next.
>>
>> /J\
>
>
>
>Hey little twit, feel like a man now?
You are truly a very stupid person.
*plonk*
--
Sam
I guess I really am an optimist. A paranoid optimist, true, but an
optimist nonetheless.
-- Larry Wall
------------------------------
Date: Mon, 25 Oct 1999 02:03:29 -0500
From: jkrogerDONCHA_SPAM_ME@earthlink.net (Jim)
Subject: Re: Security on the web with Perl
Message-Id: <jkrogerDONCHA_SPAM_ME-2510990203300001@ip223.princeton.nj.pub-ip.psi.net>
In article <slrn815r18.fk5.mgjv@wobbie.heliotrope.home>,
mgjv@comdyn.com.au wrote:
>
> Security and Web => HTTPS
>
What's HTTPS?
>
> > If I'm not mistaken those have to be text files which the Perl
> > interpreter reads.
>
> Very much in the same way that C code is text that the compiler reads.
>
But....if you use Perl, the text of your program resides in an ascii file. If
you have compiled C doing the job(s), then you have compiled executables.
The previous is much easier to reverse engineer.
> What is there to stop anyone from reverse engineering your C code or
> Java code, and using that?
Because 1) my program is very complex and subtle, and 2) though it
would take a long time, it could be done, but with Perl, they can
steal it directly, no reverse engineering required. I think my concept
is complex enough that reverse engineering would not happen before
I've made my score, but they could have a site up using my Perl scripts
tomorrow.
(Just as an illustration: Sybase was so
> bloody slack fixing a problem with their JConnect jdbc drivers that we
> reverse engineered it, and sent them the patch ourselves)
>
> If you believe that compiling things into bytecode gives you any
> protection, you might as well believe that the planets have an influence
> on your life.
>
> You may be very interested in reading the Perl FAQ, particularly part 3,
> the quesiton entitled 'How can I compile my Perl program into byte code
> or C?' If you believe that merely compiling something into bytecode is
> better than a copyright statement, then go ahead, compile your perl
> stuff.
>
> What I wonder about, really, is whether it's worth stealing the scripts
> of somone who doesn't know this already.
>
> > The program alone would not help them, because
> > without the scripts it wouldn't make sense, but with the scripts they
> > could basically steal the
>
> Wait.. The program alone... without the scripts.. What is the difference
> between a program and a script?
>
------------------------------
Date: Mon, 25 Oct 1999 06:43:19 GMT
From: mgjv@comdyn.com.au (Martien Verbruggen)
Subject: Re: Security on the web with Perl
Message-Id: <b_SQ3.475$6r2.8556@nsw.nnrp.telstra.net>
On Mon, 25 Oct 1999 01:48:36 -0500,
Jim <jkrogerDONCHA_SPAM_ME@earthlink.net> wrote:
> Hey little twit, feel like a man now?
*plonk*
--
Martien Verbruggen |
Interactive Media Division | Hi, Dave here, what's the root
Commercial Dynamics Pty. Ltd. | password?
NSW, Australia |
------------------------------
Date: Tue, 19 Oct 1999 19:07:34 +1000
From: "Douglas Garstang" <dgarstan@nsw.bigpond.net.au>
Subject: Re: Splitting a long line with irregular spaces
Message-Id: <7uhcgi$k62$1@m2.c2.telstra-mm.net.au>
Wyzelli,
Try,
@array = split(/[ \t]+/,$line);
Split's by one or more spaces or tabs.
Regards
Douglas.
Wyzelli wrote in message ...
>I need to split the following line into variables, based on the spaces.
>Unfortunately there is are not an equal number of spaces between the
>components. Any ideas of a simple way to get this done?
>
>The tricky bit is the second group which contains a space, which needs to
be
>there.
>
>One long line follows:
>
>test.user Test User
>D:\TEMP\USERS\Test.User
>D:\TEMP\USERS\Test.User\FILES\
>tuser tpasswd YNNYYYNNYNN0500020000
>
>The character positions of the individual components of the line are quite
>important.
>
>I have tried a few variations of split() but none work quite right.
>
>I am probably missing something.
>
>Wyzelli
>
>
------------------------------
Date: Tue, 19 Oct 1999 21:13:27 +1000
From: "Douglas Garstang" <dgarstan@nsw.bigpond.net.au>
Subject: Re: Splitting a long line with irregular spaces
Message-Id: <7uhjsi$3vf$1@m2.c2.telstra-mm.net.au>
Whoa. Thats ... overkill... :)
Jason P Tribbeck wrote in message <380C537C.1320C376@argogroup.com>...
>Wyzelli wrote:
>>
>> I need to split the following line into variables, based on the spaces.
>> Unfortunately there is are not an equal number of spaces between the
>> components. Any ideas of a simple way to get this done?
>
><snip>
>
>> I have tried a few variations of split() but none work quite right.
>
>Why not try using a regex instead of split - something like:
>
>while($line=~m/((\S+)\s*)/g) {
> print pos($line)-length($1)." -> $2\n";
>}
>
>The print statement shows the position in the string, and $2 is the
>word.
>
>--
>Jason Tribbeck Argo Interactive ltd
>Senior Design Engineer 7 Dukes Court, Chichester
> West Sussex, PO19 2FX
>Tel: +44 1243 815 815 Fax: +44 1243 815 805 England
------------------------------
Date: 25 Oct 1999 05:28:55 GMT
From: Flash Sheridan <flash@pobox.com>
Subject: Stanford Perl Mongers 10/26: Larry Rosler
Message-Id: <7v0pqn$lp7$1@samba.rahul.net>
The Stanford Perl Mongers meet at 8pm on the last Tuesday of each month.
The next meeting will be on October 26th; the Guest of Honor at will be
Larry Rosler of Hewlett-Packard Laboratories.
Membership is free and open to all Perl programmers, but since we meet in a
cafe, attendees are requested to buy something to eat or drink.
Printers Inc Bookstore Cafe,
310 California Ave,
Palo Alto, California
For more information, send mail to flash@pobox.com, or go to the Stanford
Perl Mongers home page, http://pobox.com/~flash/spam/
--
<LI><a href="http://pobox.com/~flash">Flash Sheridan</a>
<LI><a href="http://pobox.com/~spug">Stanford PalmPilot User Group</a>
<LI><a href="http://pobox.com/~flash/spam">Stanford Perl Mongers</a>
------------------------------
Date: Mon, 25 Oct 1999 06:57:24 GMT
From: bart.lateur@skynet.be (Bart Lateur)
Subject: Re: Substitution
Message-Id: <3813f954.719517@news.skynet.be>
oliver.cookYTTFIT@ukonline.co.uk wrote:
>@plan =~ s/\n/\<p\>/;
Try
s/\n/\<p\>/ foreach @plan;
or
foreach(@plan) { s/\n/\<p\>/ }
Don't forget to substitute bare "<" with "<" before adding any tags.
--
Bart.
------------------------------
Date: Mon, 25 Oct 1999 07:14:19 GMT
From: c_j_marshall@my-deja.com
Subject: Re: Using "use strict" and "Getopt" together
Message-Id: <7v100a$jcr$1@nnrp1.deja.com>
In article <slrn813fmg.dii.mgjv@wobbie.heliotrope.home>,
mgjv@comdyn.com.au wrote:
> On 22 Oct 1999 15:23:40 GMT,
> Henri Periat <eperh@ens.ascom.ch> wrote:
>
> > To avoid that i usually add 'undef $Getopt::Std::opt_d;' at the end.
>
> or you could do one of the things that the documentation that comes
with
> Getopt::Std suggests for this.
Oops I missed the 'how to use use strict' section at the end of the
camel definition of Getopt.
Well in my (crumbling) defense it could do with its own paragraph rather
than being lumped in with one on halting argument processing which is
why I skim read over it.
Cheers anyway.
Sent via Deja.com http://www.deja.com/
Before you buy.
------------------------------
Date: Mon, 25 Oct 1999 09:16:56 +0200
From: "Jørn Walle" <jorn.walle@gilde.no>
Subject: Win32::AdminMisc
Message-Id: <cpTQ3.11069$7G2.64562@news1.online.no>
Hello !
I need some help with som routines in the module Win32::AdminMisc.
I'm developing a script to put the group Domain Users in to the local group
Administrators. The command that perform this task works fine, exept that it
has to be run from an administrator account. To make the script work for
"normal" users, I use the LogonAsUser routine from the AdminMisc module. My
script looks like this :
use Win32::NetAdmin qw(LocalGroupIsMember LocalGroupAddUsers);
use Win32::AdminMisc;
$LokalAdmGruppe = "Administrators";
$GlobalAdmGruppe = "Domain Admins";
$GlobalGruppe = "Domain users";
$CommandString = 'LocalGroupAddUsers("", $LokalAdmGruppe, $GlobalGruppe)';
$Domain = "VBS";
$User = "xxx";
$Password = "yyy";
if (!LocalGroupIsMember("", $LokalAdmGruppe, $GlobalGruppe))
{
Win32::AdminMisc::LogonAsUser($Domain, $User, $Password); # NOT WORKING
!!
LocalGroupAddUsers("", $LokalAdmGruppe, $GlobalGruppe);
# Win32::AdminMisc::CreateProcessAsUser($CommandString); DO I NEED TO
DO THIS INSTEAD ?
Win32::AdminMisc::LogoffAsUser (0);
}
Hope someone can help me getting this script to work !
Thanks in advance.
Jørn Walle
Gilde VBT, Norway
jorn.walle@gilde.no
------------------------------
Date: Sun, 24 Oct 1999 23:12:13 -0700
From: Larry Rosler <lr@hpl.hp.com>
Subject: Re: write binary?
Message-Id: <MPG.127d949b526a8f4b98a11a@nntp.hpl.hp.com>
In article <7v01ku$gpc$1@gellyfish.btinternet.com> on 24 Oct 1999
22:36:14 -0000, Jonathan Stowe <gellyfish@gellyfish.com> says...
> On Sun, 24 Oct 1999 22:59:07 +0200 Alan J. Flavell wrote:
> > Well, I think I can confidently say that setting
> > binmode() when it's relevant, is harmless on _any_ system where Perl
> > runs. So wouldn't it be safer to just do the right thing, even in the
> > situations where it actually has no effect?
> >
>
> Oh my gawd - Alan has been posessed by the spirit of Larry Rosler ... ;-}
Actually, it's a virus, which I hope will infect everyone who posts
here, and eventually everyone who writes about or uses Perl.
--
(Just Another Larry) Rosler
Hewlett-Packard Laboratories
http://www.hpl.hp.com/personal/Larry_Rosler/
lr@hpl.hp.com
------------------------------
Date: 16 Sep 99 21:33:47 GMT (Last modified)
From: Perl-Users-Request@ruby.oce.orst.edu (Perl-Users-Digest Admin)
Subject: Digest Administrivia (Last modified: 16 Sep 99)
Message-Id: <null>
Administrivia:
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to almanac@ruby.oce.orst.edu with the command "send perl-users x.y",
where x is the volume number and y is the issue number.
For other requests pertaining to the digest, send mail to
perl-users-request@ruby.oce.orst.edu. Do not waste your time or mine
sending perl questions to the -request address, I don't have time to
answer them even if I did know the answer.
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End of Perl-Users Digest V9 Issue 1171
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