[90635] in tlhIngan-Hol
Re: [Tlhingan-hol] Klingon Word of the Day: jang
daemon@ATHENA.MIT.EDU (Steven Boozer)
Fri Nov 11 10:28:35 2011
From: Steven Boozer <sboozer@uchicago.edu>
To: "tlhingan-hol@kli.org" <tlhingan-hol@kli.org>
Date: Fri, 11 Nov 2011 09:28:18 -0600
In-Reply-To: <CABND55Fqox6dTSaRJBfV2hst4mvzoHRCJDbtH_1gso6MDcRRHg@mail.gmail.com>
Errors-To: tlhingan-hol-bounces@stodi.digitalkingdom.org
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FYI here's the entire interview as I have it:
[Will Martin interviews Marc Okrand on verbs of speech (HolQeD, Dec 1998)]
MO: ... Verbs of speech are "say" verbs, like jatlh and ja'.
WM: In English, we use many of them.
MO: Yes. In English, we say, "Give me some water," he said. "Give me
some water," he pleaded. "Give me some water," he yelled.
WM: He added. He begged. He opined.
MO: Exactly. I think that's an English thing to do. That's not a Klingo=
n
thing to do. In Klingon, you jatlh and you ja'. That's about it. T=
he
guard asked the prisoner a question. He replied. He said, "[gesture=
s a
quotation he never quite made]"
[After the intewiew, I made the following three lines of examples to =
show
how this worked:
qama' yu''avwI'. jatlh Qu'lIj DarIn'a'?
'avwI' jang qama'. jatlh tugh. vIrInmeH taj vlpoQ.
mon 'avwI'. jatlh chotojmeH bInIDchu'ta'.
Dr. Okrand modified one sentence and said he accepted them as valid b=
ut
wanted it noted that they were my sentences and not his, in his words=
, "a
suggestion by you, okayed by me." - WM]
WM: So, basically, in Klingon, you would just use jatlh a lot. If someon=
e
is asking a question, would you state the question and say jatlh?
MO: If it's a direct quotation, I would. Yes.
[clip]
MO: The way I see I see the verbs of speech, there may be more than just
ja' and jatlh, but there is only a small number of words, unlike
English. You have to use a separate sentence for the replying,
pleading, screaming. "He screamed. He said,'Come help me.'"
WM: Since a direct quotation grammatically looks like two separate
sentences, you are saying that it would now look like three separate
sentences at that point. You'd have one describing what style of
verbalization he was having, one saying "he said" and one giving
the quotation.
MO: Yes.
WM: Very interesting.
[clip]
WM: Just to mention particular verbs in terms of whether they can be
used for speech or not, you are saying that ghel is a word that
would probably not be used typically as a verb of speech. That even
if you are asking a question you would still tend to use ja' or jatlh=
.
MO: Yes. "He asked me. He said,'blah, blah, blah.'" Or "He said,'blah,
blah, blah.' He asked me." It doesn't matter.
WM: jang - "answer" would be similar?
MO: Yes.
WM: And tlhob would similarly be...
MO: tlhob also has the non-quoting sense.
WM: Things you would unlikely use for speech are bach, chel ...
MO: bach is slang. The rules might be a little bit different. For non-
slang...
WM: chup "suggest." jach "cry out." SIv "wonder."
MO: I've got to figure out what to do about "wonder." That summer, the
more I thought about it the more confused I got.
WM: Are there any other verbs of speech that you would care to
comment on?
MO: Are there any other verbs of speech?
WM: And a typical direct object of ja' would be the person addressed and
a typical object of the verb jatlh would be the thing you say.
MO: The speech event.
WM: I like that term.
MO: Including a direct quote. I'm telling a story. He "blah, blah, blah=
"
jatlh.
--
Voragh
Ca'Non Master of the Klingons
From: Noah Bogart [mailto:nbtheduke@gmail.com]
Sent: Friday, November 11, 2011 9:21 AM
To: tlhingan-hol@kli.org
Subject: Re: [Tlhingan-hol] Klingon Word of the Day: jang
As used in canon:
jang 'avwI' <<jIghung je>>
The guard replies, "I am also hungry." PK
jang 'avwI' <<jI'oj je>>
The guard replies, "I am also thirsty." PK
jang 'avwI' <<lIchopbe'chugh ghewmey!>>
The guard answers, "If the bugs do not bite you!" PK
Related verbs:
{ghel} "ask (a question)", {yu'} "question, interrogate" & {tlhob} "ask, re=
quest, plead"
Mark Okrand described the use of {jang} in an interview with Will Martin (H=
olQeD [Dec. 1998: p.4-7]):
[....]
WM: Just to mention particular verbs in terms of whether they can be
used for speech or not, you are saying that {ghel} is a word that
would probably not be used typically as a verb of speech. That
even if you are asking a question you would still tend to use
{ja'} or {jatlh}.
MO: Yes. "He asked me. He said,'blah, blah, blah'." Or "He said,
'blah, blah, blah.' He asked me." It doesn't matter.
WM: {jang} - "answer" would be similar?
MO: Yes.
WM: And {tlhob} would similarly be...
MO: {tlhob} also has the non-quoting sense.
[....]
The Power Klingon examples seem to contradict the HolQeD conversation, don'=
t they? PK doesn't have: {jang 'avwI'. jatlh <<jI'oj je>>}, which is what M=
O was suggesting, right?
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nk=3Dpurple><div class=3DWordSection1><p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 c=
olor=3D"#1f497d" face=3D"Courier New"><span style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-=
family:"Courier New";color:#1F497D'>FYI here’s the entire interview a=
s I have it:<o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D=
2 color=3D"#1f497d" face=3D"Courier New"><span style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;fo=
nt-family:"Courier New";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p><=
p class=3DMsoPlainText><font size=3D2 face=3D"Courier New"><span style=3D'f=
ont-size:10.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><f=
ont size=3D3 face=3D"Courier New"><span style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;font-fami=
ly:"Courier New"'>[Will Martin interviews Marc Okrand on verbs of speech (<=
b><i><span style=3D'font-weight:bold;font-style:italic'>HolQeD</span></i></=
b>, Dec 1998)]</span></font><font face=3D"Courier New"><span style=3D'font-=
family:"Courier New"'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><fo=
nt size=3D3 face=3D"Courier New"><span style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;font-famil=
y:"Courier New"'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><f=
ont size=3D3 face=3D"Courier New"><span style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;font-fami=
ly:"Courier New"'>MO: ... Verbs of speech are "say" v=
erbs, like <b><span style=3D'font-weight:bold'>jatlh </span></b>and <b><spa=
n style=3D'font-weight:bold'>ja'</span></b>.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p=
class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 face=3D"Courier New"><span style=3D'font-=
size:12.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p><=
p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 face=3D"Courier New"><span style=3D'font=
-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'>WM: In English, we use =
many of them.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=
=3D3 face=3D"Courier New"><span style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Cour=
ier New"'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><font siz=
e=3D3 face=3D"Courier New"><span style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Cou=
rier New"'>MO: Yes. In English, we say, "Give me som=
e water," he said. "Give me<o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p =
class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 face=3D"Courier New"><span style=3D'font-s=
ize:12.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'> some w=
ater," he pleaded. "Give me some water," he yelled.<o:=
p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 face=3D"Couri=
er New"><span style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><o:p>&nb=
sp;</o:p></span></font></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 face=3D"Cour=
ier New"><span style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'>WM:&nbs=
p; He added. He begged. He opined.<o:p></o:p></span></fon=
t></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 face=3D"Courier New"><span style=
=3D'font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><o:p> </o:p></span></f=
ont></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 face=3D"Courier New"><span styl=
e=3D'font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'>MO: Exactly.&n=
bsp; I think that's an English thing to do. That's not a Klingon<o:p>=
</o:p></span></font></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 face=3D"Courier=
New"><span style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'> &nbs=
p; thing to do. In Klingon, you <b><span style=3D'f=
ont-weight:bold'>jatlh</span></b> and you <b><span style=3D'font-weight:bol=
d'>ja'</span></b>. That's about it. The<o:p></o:p></span></font=
></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 face=3D"Courier New"><span style=
=3D'font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'> &nb=
sp; guard asked the prisoner a question. He replied. He said, &=
quot;[gestures a<o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><font siz=
e=3D3 face=3D"Courier New"><span style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Cou=
rier New"'> quotation he never quite made]&qu=
ot;<o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 face=3D=
"Courier New"><span style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><o=
:p> </o:p></span></font></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 face=
=3D"Courier New"><span style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'=
> [After the intewiew, I made the following t=
hree lines of examples to show<o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=3DMsoNo=
rmal><font size=3D3 face=3D"Courier New"><span style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;fo=
nt-family:"Courier New"'> how this worked:<o:=
p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 face=3D"Couri=
er New"><span style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><o:p>&nb=
sp;</o:p></span></font></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><b><font size=3D3 face=3D"C=
ourier New"><span style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Courier New";font-=
weight:bold'> qama' yu''avwI'. jatlh Qu=
'lIj DarIn'a'?<o:p></o:p></span></font></b></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><b><fon=
t size=3D3 face=3D"Courier New"><span style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;font-family=
:"Courier New";font-weight:bold'> 'avwI' jang=
qama'. jatlh tugh. vIrInmeH taj vlpoQ.<o:p></o:p></span></font=
></b></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><b><font size=3D3 face=3D"Courier New"><span =
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Courier New";font-weight:bold'> =
; mon 'avwI'. jatlh chotojmeH bInIDchu'ta'.<o=
:p></o:p></span></font></b></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 face=3D"=
Courier New"><span style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><o:=
p> </o:p></span></font></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 face=3D=
"Courier New"><span style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'>&n=
bsp; Dr. Okrand modified one sentence and said he a=
ccepted them as valid but<o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=3DMsoNormal>=
<font size=3D3 face=3D"Courier New"><span style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;font-fa=
mily:"Courier New"'> wanted it noted that the=
y were my sentences and not his, in his words, "a<o:p></o:p></span></f=
ont></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 face=3D"Courier New"><span styl=
e=3D'font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'> &n=
bsp; suggestion by you, okayed by me." - WM]<o:p></o:p></span></font><=
/p><p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 face=3D"Courier New"><span style=3D'=
font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><o:p> </o:p></span></font>=
</p><p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 face=3D"Courier New"><span style=3D=
'font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'>WM: So, basically,=
in Klingon, you would just use <b><span style=3D'font-weight:bold'>jatlh</=
span></b> a lot. If someone<o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=3DMs=
oNormal><font size=3D3 face=3D"Courier New"><span style=3D'font-size:12.0pt=
;font-family:"Courier New"'> is asking a ques=
tion, would you state the question and say <b><span style=3D'font-weight:bo=
ld'>jatlh</span></b>?<o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><fon=
t size=3D3 face=3D"Courier New"><span style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;font-family=
:"Courier New"'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><fo=
nt size=3D3 face=3D"Courier New"><span style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;font-famil=
y:"Courier New"'>MO: If it's a direct quotation, I would. =
Yes. <o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D=
3 face=3D"Courier New"><span style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Courier=
New"'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=
=3D3 face=3D"Courier New"><span style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Cour=
ier New"'>[clip]<o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><font siz=
e=3D3 face=3D"Courier New"><span style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Cou=
rier New"'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><font si=
ze=3D3 face=3D"Courier New"><span style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Co=
urier New"'>MO: The way I see I see the verbs of speech, there =
may be more than just<o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><fon=
t size=3D3 face=3D"Courier New"><span style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;font-family=
:"Courier New"'> <b><span style=3D'font-weigh=
t:bold'>ja'</span></b> and <b><span style=3D'font-weight:bold'>jatlh</span>=
</b>, but there is only a small number of words, unlike<o:p></o:p></span></=
font></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 face=3D"Courier New"><span sty=
le=3D'font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'> &=
nbsp; English. You have to use a separate sentence for the replying,<=
o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 face=3D"Cou=
rier New"><span style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'> =
pleading, screaming. "He screamed. =
; He said,'Come help me.'"<o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=3DMsoN=
ormal><font size=3D3 face=3D"Courier New"><span style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;f=
ont-family:"Courier New"'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p><p class=3DMso=
Normal><font size=3D3 face=3D"Courier New"><span style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;=
font-family:"Courier New"'>WM: Since a direct quotation grammat=
ically looks like two separate<o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=3DMsoNo=
rmal><font size=3D3 face=3D"Courier New"><span style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;fo=
nt-family:"Courier New"'> sentences, you are =
saying that it would now look like three separate<o:p></o:p></span></font><=
/p><p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 face=3D"Courier New"><span style=3D'=
font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'> =
sentences at that point. You'd have one describing what style of<o:p>=
</o:p></span></font></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 face=3D"Courier=
New"><span style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'> &nbs=
p; verbalization he was having, one saying "he said&=
quot; and one giving<o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><font=
size=3D3 face=3D"Courier New"><span style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;font-family:=
"Courier New"'> the quotation.<o:p></o:p></sp=
an></font></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 face=3D"Courier New"><spa=
n style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><o:p> </o:p></s=
pan></font></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 face=3D"Courier New"><sp=
an style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'>MO: Yes=
.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 face=3D"C=
ourier New"><span style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><o:p=
> </o:p></span></font></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 face=3D"=
Courier New"><span style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'>WM:=
Very interesting.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=3DMsoNo=
rmal><font size=3D3 face=3D"Courier New"><span style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;fo=
nt-family:"Courier New"'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p><p class=3DMsoN=
ormal><font size=3D3 face=3D"Courier New"><span style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;f=
ont-family:"Courier New"'>[clip]<o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=3DMso=
Normal><font size=3D3 face=3D"Courier New"><span style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;=
font-family:"Courier New"'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p><p class=3DMs=
oNormal><font size=3D3 face=3D"Courier New"><span style=3D'font-size:12.0pt=
;font-family:"Courier New"'>WM: Just to mention particular verb=
s in terms of whether they can be<o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=3DMs=
oNormal><font size=3D3 face=3D"Courier New"><span style=3D'font-size:12.0pt=
;font-family:"Courier New"'> used for speech =
or not, you are saying that <b><span style=3D'font-weight:bold'>ghel</span>=
</b> is a word that<o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><font =
size=3D3 face=3D"Courier New"><span style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"=
Courier New"'> would probably not be used typ=
ically as a verb of speech. That even<o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p =
class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 face=3D"Courier New"><span style=3D'font-s=
ize:12.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'> if you=
are asking a question you would still tend to use <b><span style=3D'font-w=
eight:bold'>ja'</span></b> or <b><span style=3D'font-weight:bold'>jatlh</sp=
an></b>.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 fa=
ce=3D"Courier New"><span style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Courier New=
"'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 f=
ace=3D"Courier New"><span style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Courier Ne=
w"'>MO: Yes. "He asked me. He said,'blah, blah=
, blah.'" Or "He said,'blah,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p=
class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 face=3D"Courier New"><span style=3D'font-=
size:12.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'> blah,=
blah.' He asked me." It doesn't matter.<o:p></o:p></span></font=
></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 face=3D"Courier New"><span style=
=3D'font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><o:p> </o:p></span></f=
ont></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 face=3D"Courier New"><span styl=
e=3D'font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'>WM: <b><span s=
tyle=3D'font-weight:bold'>jang</span></b> - "answer" would be sim=
ilar?<o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 face=
=3D"Courier New"><span style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'=
><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 fac=
e=3D"Courier New"><span style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"=
'>MO: Yes.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><fo=
nt size=3D3 face=3D"Courier New"><span style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;font-famil=
y:"Courier New"'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><f=
ont size=3D3 face=3D"Courier New"><span style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;font-fami=
ly:"Courier New"'>WM: And <b><span style=3D'font-weight:bold'>t=
lhob </span></b>would similarly be...<o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=
=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 face=3D"Courier New"><span style=3D'font-size:1=
2.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p><p clas=
s=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 face=3D"Courier New"><span style=3D'font-size:=
12.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'>MO: <b><span style=3D'font-we=
ight:bold'>tlhob </span></b>also has the non-quoting sense.<o:p></o:p></spa=
n></font></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 face=3D"Courier New"><span=
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><o:p> </o:p></sp=
an></font></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 face=3D"Courier New"><spa=
n style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'>WM: Thin=
gs you would unlikely use for speech are <b><span style=3D'font-weight:bold=
'>bach</span></b>, <b><span style=3D'font-weight:bold'>chel</span></b> ...<=
o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 face=3D"Cou=
rier New"><span style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><o:p>&=
nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 face=3D"Co=
urier New"><span style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'>MO:&n=
bsp; <b><span style=3D'font-weight:bold'>bach </span></b>is slang.&nb=
sp; The rules might be a little bit different. For non-<o:p></o:p></s=
pan></font></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 face=3D"Courier New"><sp=
an style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'> &=
nbsp; slang...<o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><font=
size=3D3 face=3D"Courier New"><span style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;font-family:=
"Courier New"'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><fon=
t size=3D3 face=3D"Courier New"><span style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;font-family=
:"Courier New"'>WM: <b><span style=3D'font-weight:bold'>chup </=
span></b>"suggest." <b><span style=3D'font-weight:bold'>jac=
h </span></b>"cry out." <b><span style=3D'font-weight:bold'=
>SIv </span></b>"wonder."<o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=3D=
MsoNormal><font size=3D3 face=3D"Courier New"><span style=3D'font-size:12.0=
pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p><p class=
=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 face=3D"Courier New"><span style=3D'font-size:1=
2.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'>MO: I've got to figure out wha=
t to do about "wonder." That summer, the<o:p></o:p></span><=
/font></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 face=3D"Courier New"><span st=
yle=3D'font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'> =
more I thought about it the more confused I got.<o:p></o:p></span></=
font></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 face=3D"Courier New"><span sty=
le=3D'font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><o:p> </o:p></span><=
/font></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 face=3D"Courier New"><span st=
yle=3D'font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'>WM: Are ther=
e any other verbs of speech that you would care to<o:p></o:p></span></font>=
</p><p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 face=3D"Courier New"><span style=3D=
'font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'> =
comment on?<o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D=
3 face=3D"Courier New"><span style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Courier=
New"'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=
=3D3 face=3D"Courier New"><span style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Cour=
ier New"'>MO: Are there any other verbs of speech?<o:p></o:p></=
span></font></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 face=3D"Courier New"><s=
pan style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><o:p> </o:p><=
/span></font></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 face=3D"Courier New"><=
span style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'>WM: A=
nd a typical direct object of <b><span style=3D'font-weight:bold'>ja'</span=
></b> would be the person addressed and<o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p clas=
s=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 face=3D"Courier New"><span style=3D'font-size:=
12.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'> a typical =
object of the verb <b><span style=3D'font-weight:bold'>jatlh</span></b> wou=
ld be the thing you say.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><=
font size=3D3 face=3D"Courier New"><span style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;font-fam=
ily:"Courier New"'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p><p class=3DMsoNormal>=
<font size=3D3 face=3D"Courier New"><span style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;font-fa=
mily:"Courier New"'>MO: The speech event.<o:p></o:p></span></fo=
nt></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 face=3D"Courier New"><span style=
=3D'font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><o:p> </o:p></span></f=
ont></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 face=3D"Courier New"><span styl=
e=3D'font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'>WM: I like tha=
t term.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 fac=
e=3D"Courier New"><span style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"=
'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 fa=
ce=3D"Courier New"><span style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Courier New=
"'>MO: Including a direct quote. I'm telling a story.&nbs=
p; He "blah, blah, blah"<o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=3DM=
soNormal><font size=3D3 face=3D"Courier New"><span style=3D'font-size:12.0p=
t;font-family:"Courier New"'> <b><span style=
=3D'font-weight:bold'>jatlh</span></b>.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p clas=
s=3DMsoPlainText><font size=3D2 face=3D"Courier New"><span style=3D'font-si=
ze:10.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><font si=
ze=3D2 color=3D"#1f497d" face=3D"Courier New"><span style=3D'font-size:11.0=
pt;font-family:"Courier New";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></font>=
</p><p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 color=3D"#1f497d" face=3DConsolas><=
span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas;color:#1F497D'>--<o:p><=
/o:p></span></font></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 color=3D"#1f497d=
" face=3DConsolas><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas;colo=
r:#1F497D'>Voragh<o:p></o:p></span></font></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><font si=
ze=3D2 color=3D"#1f497d" face=3DConsolas><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;fo=
nt-family:Consolas;color:#1F497D'>Ca'Non Master of the Klingons<o:p></o:p><=
/span></font></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 color=3D"#1f497d" face=
=3D"Courier New"><span style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Courier New";=
color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p><div style=3D'border:none=
;border-left:solid blue 1.5pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 4.0pt'><div><div style=3D=
'border:none;border-top:solid #B5C4DF 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in'><p c=
lass=3DMsoNormal><b><font size=3D2 face=3DTahoma><span style=3D'font-size:1=
0.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";font-weight:bold'>From:</span></fon=
t></b><font size=3D2 face=3DTahoma><span style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-fam=
ily:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'> Noah Bogart [mailto:nbtheduke@gmail.com] <br><b=
><span style=3D'font-weight:bold'>Sent:</span></b> Friday, November 11, 201=
1 9:21 AM<br><b><span style=3D'font-weight:bold'>To:</span></b> tlhingan-ho=
l@kli.org<br><b><span style=3D'font-weight:bold'>Subject:</span></b> Re: [T=
lhingan-hol] Klingon Word of the Day: jang<o:p></o:p></span></font></p></di=
v></div><p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 face=3D"Times New Roman"><span =
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p><div><blockqu=
ote style=3D'border:none;border-left:solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0i=
n 6.0pt;margin-left:4.8pt;margin-right:0in'><p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=
=3D3 face=3D"Times New Roman"><span style=3D'font-size:12.0pt'>As used in c=
anon:<br><br> jang 'avwI' <<jIghung je>><br> The guar=
d replies, "I am also hungry." PK<br><br> jang 'avwI' <&l=
t;jI'oj je>><br> The guard replies, "I am also thirsty.&quo=
t; PK<br><br> jang 'avwI' <<lIchopbe'chugh ghewmey!>><br>&=
nbsp;The guard answers, "If the bugs do not bite you!" PK<br><br>=
<br>Related verbs:<br>{ghel} "ask (a question)", {yu'} "ques=
tion, interrogate" & {tlhob} "ask, request, plead"<br><b=
r><br>Mark Okrand described the use of {jang} in an interview with Will Mar=
tin (HolQeD [Dec. 1998: p.4-7]):<br><br> [....]<br><br>WM: Jus=
t to mention particular verbs in terms of whether they can be<br> &nb=
sp; used for speech or not, you are saying that {ghel} is a word that=
<br> would probably not be used typically as a verb of s=
peech. That<br> even if you are asking a question you wo=
uld still tend to use<br> {ja'} or {jatlh}.<br><br>MO: &=
nbsp; Yes. "He asked me. He said,'blah, blah, blah'." Or "He=
said,<br> 'blah, blah, blah.' He asked me." =
It doesn't matter.<br><br>WM: {jang} - "answer" would be s=
imilar?<br><br>MO: Yes.<br><br>WM: And {tlhob} would similarl=
y be...<br><br>MO: {tlhob} also has the non-quoting sense.<br><br>&n=
bsp; [....]<o:p></o:p></span></font></p></blockquote><div><p class=3DMsoNor=
mal><font size=3D3 face=3D"Times New Roman"><span style=3D'font-size:12.0pt=
'><br>The Power Klingon examples seem to contradict the HolQeD conversation=
, don't they? PK doesn't have: {jang 'avwI'. jatlh <<jI'oj je>>=
}, which is what MO was suggesting, right?<o:p></o:p></span></font></p></di=
v></div></div></div></body></html>=
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