[83871] in tlhIngan-Hol
Re: mu'ghomwIj
daemon@ATHENA.MIT.EDU (Steven Boozer)
Mon Jan 7 15:22:32 2008
Date: Mon, 07 Jan 2008 14:19:56 -0600
To: tlhingan-hol@kli.org
From: Steven Boozer <sboozer@uchicago.edu>
In-Reply-To: <803C1A8C-3E19-477A-A1D8-DD11F86DD030@embarqmail.com>
Errors-to: tlhingan-hol-bounce@kli.org
Reply-to: tlhingan-hol@kli.org
Doq wrote:
>We have words like {vIH} and {chagh}, for instance. "I move the rock.
>The airplane moves through the sky." The moving object in the first
>sentence is the direct object. The moving object in the second
>sentence is the subject. Which way does {vIH} work? Both ways?
{vIH} "move, be in motion" in canon:
vIH qagh
The serpent worms are moving! CK
matay'DI' vIHtaHbogh bIQ rur mu'qaDmey
Between us, curses run like water. PK
N.B. {vIHtaHbogh bIQ} "running/flowing water" or "water that is moving".
vIHtaH gho
The hoop is moving. (idiom: "hurry up!") KGT
KGT 111-12: The expression comes from a maneuver used for hunting practice
known as the {qa'vaQ} in which a hoop ({gho}) is rolled and one tries to
throw a stick through it while it is moving. The verb {vIH} ("move, be in
motion") can be applied to any sort of motion. In this case, it refers to
the motion associated with the hoop in this exercise, namely rolling. In
the idiom, the verb occurs with the suffix {-taH} (continuous), implying
that the hoop continues to roll for a period of time (though it will not do
so forever).
Based on the above, it appears that {vIH} is intransitive: "it moves/is in
motion". To make it transitive, I would add the usual causative suffix
{-moH}: e.g. {nagh vIvIHmoH} "I move the rock".
There are also verbs for specific kinds of movement, especially {vegh} "go
through (something)": e.g. "the bird goes through the window" (an open
window), "the train goes through the tunnel", "he goes through the door"
(an open door). I doubt that {vegh} can be used for your example "the
airplane moves through the sky":
? chal vegh lupDujHom
since you can also say:
chalDaq vIH lupDujHom
the shuttlecraft moves in the sky (as opposed to {loghDaq} "in/through
space")
Other types of specific movements include {joq} "flap, flutter, wave";
{nogh} "writhe"; {SIH} "bend" and {vaD} "be flexible". Also...
KGT 158: To refer to a something in motion colliding with something
stationary, a different verb, {ngeQ} ("bump into, collide with") is used,
as in {raS ngeQ tera'ngan} ("The Terran bumps into the table").
>"I dropped the knife. The airplane dropped 2,000 feet before regaining
>control." The moving object in the first sentence is the direct
>object. The moving object in the second sentence is the subject. Which
>way does {chagh} behave? Both ways?
This one is pure guesswork as {chagh} "drop" has never been used in canon,
but I would have no problem using it transitively: {taj yIchagh!} "Drop
the knife!". Note though that we also have {jotlh} "take down", {roQ} "put
down" and the antonym {woH} "pick up".
For the intransitive meaning - which to me feels a bit metaphorical or
"marked" - we have {pum} "fall" and the causative {pummoH} "knock down",
{ghIr} "descend" as well as an antonym {Sal} "climb". Of these, we have
examples of {pum}:
bIpum
You fall. KLS
pumDI' 'etlh
"when the blade falls" (st.k 11/05/99)
pumDI' DaS
"when the boot falls" (st.k 11/05/99)
pumDI' 'obmaQ
"when the ax falls" (st.k 11/05/99)
pumDI' nagh
"when the stone falls" (st.k 11/05/99)
pumDI' rutlh
"when the wheel falls" (st.k 11/05/99)
]
Dubotchugh yIpummoH
If it's in your way, knock it down. TKW
I see no reason why {pum} couldn't be used for "the airplane dropped
[fell] 2,000 feet" presumably like an object falling out of
control. {ghIr} "descend" and its antonym {Sal} "climb" feel more
appropriate for a controlled maneuver, but I'm not a pilot. (Qov?)
--
Voragh
Ca'Non Master of the Klingons
