[19350] in Perl-Users-Digest
Perl-Users Digest, Issue: 1545 Volume: 10
daemon@ATHENA.MIT.EDU (Perl-Users Digest)
Thu Aug 16 21:10:34 2001
Date: Thu, 16 Aug 2001 18:10:13 -0700 (PDT)
From: Perl-Users Digest <Perl-Users-Request@ruby.OCE.ORST.EDU>
To: Perl-Users@ruby.OCE.ORST.EDU (Perl-Users Digest)
Message-Id: <998010613-v10-i1545@ruby.oce.orst.edu>
Content-Type: text
Perl-Users Digest Thu, 16 Aug 2001 Volume: 10 Number: 1545
Today's topics:
Re: perl end-of-line - Unix does not like DOS perl prog (Abigail)
Re: perl end-of-line - Unix does not like DOS perl prog <bart.lateur@skynet.be>
Re: Perl hidden text, password prompt. <gnarinn@hotmail.com>
Re: perldoc is like Greek to a beginner?? (Abigail)
test post <john@availcheck.com>
Re: test post (Tad McClellan)
Re: This is not a question ... call me slow if you like (Martien Verbruggen)
Re: Using 'require' and variables <Jon.Ericson@jpl.nasa.gov>
Using XML::DOM to get a getNodeValue (mark)
Re: What's the Problem locating Files? <somewhere@in.paradise.net>
Re: What's the Problem locating Files? <bart.lateur@skynet.be>
Re: Why no spaces show up in print of array - sometimes (Abigail)
Re: Will Perl report on variables no longer used?? <bart.lateur@skynet.be>
Re: Will Perl report on variables no longer used?? <cberry@cinenet.net>
Re: Will Perl report on variables no longer used?? (Abigail)
Digest Administrivia (Last modified: 6 Apr 01) (Perl-Users-Digest Admin)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 17 Aug 2001 00:04:48 GMT
From: abigail@foad.org (Abigail)
Subject: Re: perl end-of-line - Unix does not like DOS perl programs?
Message-Id: <slrn9nontj.ksf.abigail@alexandra.xs4all.nl>
Tad McClellan (tadmc@augustmail.com) wrote on MMCMVII September MCMXCIII
in <URL:news:slrn9nnj4v.4s5.tadmc@tadmc26.august.net>:
%% B Wooster <bwooster47@hotmail.com> wrote:
%% >This got me confused when perl failed - I've to keep jumping
%% >between DOS and Unix platforms, and sometimes
%% >I've to start coding on DOS, and then copy the perl
%% >program over to Unix
%%
%%
%% If you use "text" (or "ASCII") mode when FTPing, the ftp program
%% will convert the line ending sequences for you.
%%
%%
%% >- and perl fails to run the programs.
%%
%%
%% This is not a Perl problem. A csh shell script with the wrong line
%% endings won't run either (via a shebang line).
%%
%%
%% >On Perl 5.004, Perl on Unix does not like text files in DOS
%% >format - it complains about the \015 character.
%% >[I can fix this by editing the files. But!]
%%
%%
%% This is not a Perl problem.
But there is a Perl fix.
Modern Perls will ignore ^Ms at the end of a line. All you need is
Unix to grok the shebang line. And that's easy. Just add a ' -- '
at the shebang line. It, including a trailing ^M, will be passed
as an argument to perl - but then perl is in control and it will
deal with the ^M.
Abigail
--
perl -we 'print q{print q{print q{print q{print q{print q{print q{print q{print
qq{Just Another Perl Hacker\n}}}}}}}}}' |\
perl -w | perl -w | perl -w | perl -w | perl -w | perl -w | perl -w | perl -w
------------------------------
Date: Fri, 17 Aug 2001 00:36:45 GMT
From: Bart Lateur <bart.lateur@skynet.be>
Subject: Re: perl end-of-line - Unix does not like DOS perl programs?
Message-Id: <1ppont0pp90vgt71e7np3t5fqpv79q8osh@4ax.com>
B Wooster wrote:
>This got me confused when perl failed - I've to keep jumping
>between DOS and Unix platforms, and sometimes
>I've to start coding on DOS, and then copy the perl
>program over to Unix - and perl fails to run the programs.
Why don't you use text mode to FTP between DOS and Unix?
>On Perl 5.004, Perl on Unix does not like text files in DOS
>format - it complains about the \015 character.
A more recent perl can work with those. I'm not sure if you need 5.005
or 5.6.0.
But, if all else fails (think "FTP" again), you can use Unix files in
DOS. All DOS/Win32 perls work fine with Unix text files.
--
Bart.
------------------------------
Date: Thu, 16 Aug 2001 23:12:42 +0000
From: gnari <gnarinn@hotmail.com>
Subject: Re: Perl hidden text, password prompt.
Message-Id: <998003562.0743904076516628.gnarinn@hotmail.com>
In article <3B7C1814.23FEA1DF@socrates.berkeley.edu>,
Helene Grossman <hlg@socrates.berkeley.edu> wrote:
>I am writing a Perl script that will handle entry into a filesystem that
>prompts the user for login and password.
>
>How do I make it such that on the password prompt, the user's input is
>not displayed on the screen, like in all the telnet and SSH
>implementations I have ever seen?
one way is to
use Term::ReadKey;
ReadMode "noecho";
....
gnari
------------------------------
Date: 16 Aug 2001 22:05:59 GMT
From: abigail@foad.org (Abigail)
Subject: Re: perldoc is like Greek to a beginner??
Message-Id: <slrn9noguo.ksf.abigail@alexandra.xs4all.nl>
Yves Orton (demerphq@hotmail.com) wrote on MMCMVII September MCMXCIII in
<URL:news:74f348f7.0108160121.47f74c15@posting.google.com>:
__ abigail@foad.org (Abigail) wrote in message news:<slrn9nlrlb.9sn.abigail@alexandra.xs4all.nl>...
__ <SNIP>
__ <Damn, I knew I should of brought the red dragon to work....>
__
__ > Could you give examples from some well known languages, like C, Java
__ > and ADA that proves they are not truely context free?
__
__ Hi Abigail. C requires variables and subs to be declared prior to use
__ if I remember correctly, as does Java, and I think Ada as well. This
__ fact alone them makes them non-context free if I remember from the red
__ dragon. I could be wrong (but I am %99.99 sure) however I will find
__ the page/section etc and post it pronto.
Declaring variables and subs prior to use doesn't make C non-context free.
After all, a C compiler could still *parse* the program ok. It's only
in the semantical analysis where things go wrong - but that's the phase
after parsing.
To quote the Red Dragon (sec 4.3, pp 172):
Certain constraints on the input, such as the requirement that
identifiers be declared before they are used, cannot be described by
a context-free grammar. Therefore, the sequence of tokens accepted
by the parser form a superset of a programming language; subsequent
phases must analyze the output of the parser to ensure compliance
with rules that are not checked by the parser.
This is true for type checking too - types aren't checked by the parser.
Remember that C is parsed by a parser that is generated by yacc,
which generates predictive, bottom-up parsers for contex-free grammars.
(LR-grammars).
__ > Note that if you can write a BNF for a language, or a Parse::RecDescent
__ > grammar that doesn't use dirty tricks like rewriting the string it is
__ > parsing it's context free.
__
__ Are you sure about this? My understanding is different. (I beleive
__ you probably know this stuff 1000 time better than I do, so Im
__ reluctant to contradict. On the other hand debate is the backbone of
__ scientific thought...
__ :-)
Quoting the Red Dragon (sec 2.2, pp 26-27):
A context-free grammar has four components:
1 A set of tokens, known as terminal symbols.
2 A set of nonterminals.
3 A set of productions where each production consists of a
nonterminal, called the left side of the production, an
arrow, and a sequence of tokens and/or nonterminals,
called the right side of the production.
4 A designation of one of the nonterminals as the start symbol.
The similarities between BNF and Parse::RecDescent grammars should be
obvious. Also, the Red Dragon again (ch 4, pp 159):
The syntax of programming language constructs can be described by
context-free grammars or BNF (Backus-Naur Form) notation, introduced
in Section 2.2.
More of the Red Dragon (ch 4, pp 277):
The highly influential Algol 60 report (Naur [1963]) used Backus-Naur
Form (BNF) to define the syntax of a major programming language. The
equivalence of BNF and context-free grammars was quickly noted, and
the theory of formal languages received a great deal of attention in
the 1960's.
__ > Also, Aho, Hopcroft and Ullman claim that almost every computer language
__ > is context free, so it would be interesting to see you prove them wrong.
__
__ Id be interested to see the cite on this one. It contradicts my
__ recollection of the red dragon.
You are probably right. I must misremember. However, from
the Cindarella book (ch 10, pp 233):
It turns out that the syntax of many programming languages can be
described by means of DCFL's [deterministic context-free languages //A]
Moreover, modern compiler writing systems usually require that the
syntax of the language for whuch they are to produce a compiler be
described by a context-free grammar of restricted form. These restricted
forms almost invariably generate only DCFL's.
Abigail
--
echo "==== ======= ==== ======"|perl -pes/=/J/|perl -pes/==/us/|perl -pes/=/t/\
|perl -pes/=/A/|perl -pes/=/n/|perl -pes/=/o/|perl -pes/==/th/|perl -pes/=/e/\
|perl -pes/=/r/|perl -pes/=/P/|perl -pes/=/e/|perl -pes/==/rl/|perl -pes/=/H/\
|perl -pes/=/a/|perl -pes/=/c/|perl -pes/=/k/|perl -pes/==/er/|perl -pes/=/./;
------------------------------
Date: Thu, 16 Aug 2001 22:09:42 GMT
From: "John P" <john@availcheck.com>
Subject: test post
Message-Id: <GwXe7.5275$ms2.433003@news1.cableinet.net>
sorry but another test post.
------------------------------
Date: Thu, 16 Aug 2001 18:09:54 -0400
From: tadmc@augustmail.com (Tad McClellan)
Subject: Re: test post
Message-Id: <slrn9noh5i.6f8.tadmc@tadmc26.august.net>
John P <john@availcheck.com> wrote:
>sorry but another test post.
Sorry but another killfile entry.
--
Tad McClellan SGML consulting
tadmc@augustmail.com Perl programming
Fort Worth, Texas
------------------------------
Date: Fri, 17 Aug 2001 08:04:10 +1000
From: mgjv@tradingpost.com.au (Martien Verbruggen)
Subject: Re: This is not a question ... call me slow if you like...
Message-Id: <slrn9nogqq.3ga.mgjv@martien.heliotrope.home>
On Thu, 16 Aug 2001 04:02:49 -0400,
Benjamin Goldberg <goldbb2@earthlink.net> wrote:
> Anno Siegel wrote:
>>
> [snip]
>> We can compress better than that. The banner uses only two characters, so
>> a single bit can tell which. It's less true than yours (I had to unify the
>> line length) but it fits in four lines:
>>
>> use MIME::Base64; $vec = decode_base64( q( vMj5OCHni76DRBEhGkVEFCQkMghfKSK+ry
>> IRQ/hSERF9k4giQh SLiCgog+MQopBDRF8CAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAM93gshx0ncGiIIURFFUgj
>> RA9JXg+4LxlQGebwTRF4xvDBAEJYiiqAQFgOBLTxQ5 6UsDAA==));for($i=0;$i<8*length
>> $vec;$i++) { print "\n" unless $i % 67; print vec( $vec, $i, 1) ? '8' : '_' }
>
> And using just uuencoding works even better, and doesn't require an
> external module:
>
> $u=q{M``````````#@1<['"3E?]!TDB@C1*"*B("&10?A*$?%]%8D8PI>*B.B;1!01
> }. q{MHEA$1$$9'(<0A1PB^A(``````````/!\)X@<)WUG@"A(011%)4@#1%\)OB\8
> }. q{<7QG@^480?<'XQ@!!4((HBDI0``B^]$21D[XT````};$j=unpack("u",$u);
> for(0..938){print vec($j,$_,1)?"8":" ";print"\n"unless(($_+1)%67)}
And magically, it does fit in four lines :)
Martien
--
Martien Verbruggen |
Interactive Media Division | For heaven's sake, don't TRY to be
Commercial Dynamics Pty. Ltd. | cynical. It's perfectly easy to be
NSW, Australia | cynical.
------------------------------
Date: 17 Aug 2001 00:24:38 +0000
From: Jon Ericson <Jon.Ericson@jpl.nasa.gov>
Subject: Re: Using 'require' and variables
Message-Id: <86g0ar4jp5.fsf@jon_ericson.jpl.nasa.gov>
Doug Robbins <sleddog@komatik.org> writes:
> ---config.cgi contains config variables shared by scripts---
> $basepath = "/some/path";
> $baseURL = "http://somewhere.com";
> [...other variables]
> ---end config.cgi---
>
> ---myscript.cgi---
> #/usr/bin/perl
> require "config.cgi";
> open(IN,"$basepath/data.dat") or die("Couldn't open data.dat: $!");
> [... do things]
> ---end myscript.cgi---
>
> The above works okay. But to 'use strict', $basepath needs to be pre-
> declared. But where?
>
> Regardless whether I declare 'my $basepath' in config.cgi or in
> myscript.cgi, it return with a null value and the script dies, "no such
> file...".
>
> I've spent hours with perldoc and more hours with web seaches, but I
> just can't get my head around this. Sorry if it's a newbie FAQ. Any
> tips appreciated.
Taking the easiest questions first:
The FAQs are listed in perlfaq. The most useful to you would likely
be "How do I create a module?" from perlfaq7. You are expected to
read the FAQs before you post here.
The strict module documentation and perlmod are interesting reading.
"my $basepath" makes $basepath lexical, which means it is invisible
outside of its scope. In this case the scope that matters is the
entire file. If you make the variable lexical to the require'd file,
it's invisible to myscript.cgi. On the other hand, making it lexical
to the script masks the package variable in config.cgi. What you want
is a package or global variable that can be shared across scope
boundries. To do that you need either "our" or "use vars".
You may also be interested in using a named package to keep your
namespace clean.
Jon
------------------------------
Date: 16 Aug 2001 16:49:59 -0700
From: markm_20814@yahoo.com (mark)
Subject: Using XML::DOM to get a getNodeValue
Message-Id: <7c7af4b1.0108161549.57c8e239@posting.google.com>
I can seem to get this to work. The code below is basically the
example that is provided by the XML::DOM perldoc.
My xml is really simple, looks like:
<products>
<size>
<sapId>123</sapId>
<price>
<us>200.00</us>
<ca>400.00</us>
</price>
</size>
<size>
<sapId>2234</sapId>
<price>
<us>400.00</us>
<ca>567.00</ca>
</price>
</si[mark@mobile DOM]$ perl test7.plx
Node Data:
Can't call method "getValue" without a package or object reference at
test7.plx line 19.
[mark@mobile DOM]$
ze>
</products>
I just want to be able to get the value from a node!
use XML::DOM;
use Data::Dumper;
my $parser = new XML::DOM::Parser;
my $doc = $parser->parsefile ("index.xml");
# print all HREF attributes of all CODEBASE elements
my $nodes = $doc->getElementsByTagName ("size");
my $n = $nodes->getLength;
for (my $i = 0; $i < $n; $i++) {
my $node = $nodes->item($i);
print "Node Data: " . $node->getNodeValue("sapId") . "\n";
##print "NodeType: " . $node->getNodeName() . "\n" ;
#print "toString:" . $node->toString() . "\n";
my $att = $node->getAttribute("sapId");
print "Get Value: " . $att->getValue() . "\n";
#my @list = $node->getElementsByTagName("sapId");
#map {print "\tgetNodeValue" . $_->getValue() . "\n" }
@list;
#my $sap_id = $node->getAttributeNode ("sapId");
#print $sap_id->getData . "\n";
#print Dumper([$sap_id]);
}
# Print doc file
# $doc->printToFile ("out.xml");
# Print to string
# print $doc->toString;
# Avoid memory leaks - cleanup circular references for garbage
collection
$doc->dispose;
and when I run it it produces this error.
Does anyone know what I am doing wrong?!! (--thanks )
[mark@localhost DOM]$ perl test7.plx
Node Data:
Can't call method "getValue" without a package or object reference at
test7.plx line 19.
[mark@mobile DOM]$
------------------------------
Date: Fri, 17 Aug 2001 08:08:42 +1000
From: "Tintin" <somewhere@in.paradise.net>
Subject: Re: What's the Problem locating Files?
Message-Id: <LwXe7.2$WX2.184381@news.interact.net.au>
"John P" <john@trumpetweb.co.uk> wrote in message
news:bwTe7.3432$ms2.285353@news1.cableinet.net...
[snip third repeat of question within 6 hours]
I'd suggest you read up on newsgroup propagation.
------------------------------
Date: Thu, 16 Aug 2001 22:30:05 GMT
From: Bart Lateur <bart.lateur@skynet.be>
Subject: Re: What's the Problem locating Files?
Message-Id: <vthontslh6a0v23s59b1au78q9tjuf4mit@4ax.com>
John P wrote:
>I am distributing scripts which have the line.
>use Digest::MD5 qw (md5_base64);
>
>Most of the time the scripts are fine but on some systems the users are
>getting the error message
>
>Can't locate Digest/MD5.pm in @INC (@INC contains:
>/usr/local/lib/perl5/5.6.0/i686-linux /usr/local/lib/perl5/5.6.0
>/usr/local/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.6.0/i686-linux
>/usr/local/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.6.0 /usr/local/lib/perl5/site_perl .)
>
>I thought that this was a standard module. found in a standard location.
>Does anyone have any ideas please.
Well... no. Apparently it's not part of the standard distribution.
That's your problem. You can get the module from CPAN.
<http://search.cpan.org/search?dist=Digest-MD5>. You can download the
file, give it to your users, and tell them to follow the standard
instructions for installing it. See perlfaq8, "How do I install a module
from CPAN?", or "perldoc -q install" at the command line, to see those.
As this appears to be on Linux, that should be enough.
If you have clients using Win32, you'll likely need to follow some other
scenario, i.e. using PPM on ActiveState's ActivePerl and dpm (or the web
interface) on IndigoPerl.
--
Bart.
------------------------------
Date: 16 Aug 2001 23:52:09 GMT
From: abigail@foad.org (Abigail)
Subject: Re: Why no spaces show up in print of array - sometimes??
Message-Id: <slrn9non5s.ksf.abigail@alexandra.xs4all.nl>
Carlos C. Gonzalez (miscellaneousemail@yahoo.com) wrote on MMCMVI
September MCMXCIII in <URL:news:MPG.15e4b4eb10d53c2398975d@news.edmonton.telusplanet.net>:
,, Hi everyone,
,,
,, Can someone explain to me why the second print (after the call to the
,, temp sub) prints out without any spaces between the names in the
,, following code? Or for that matter why there are spaces in the first
,, print? I was working on trying to understand the shift function and was
,, curious as to the output produced.
That question is answered in the FAQ.
Abigail
--
$=-=4*++$|;{print$"x--$==>"\@\x7Fy~*kde~box*Zoxf*Bkiaox \r"
^
$/x24if!select$,,$,,$,,join+q=.==>$^W=>$|;$=&&redo}sleep$|;
------------------------------
Date: Thu, 16 Aug 2001 22:17:20 GMT
From: Bart Lateur <bart.lateur@skynet.be>
Subject: Re: Will Perl report on variables no longer used??
Message-Id: <3pgontcuajf44ek6efm2f3ihdapbrl3o4o@4ax.com>
Carlos C. Gonzalez wrote:
>Is there some command line switch for Perl or other technique that will
>report on a variable not being used? That will return a warning to that
>effect?
I think there's an xref module which can find out. Er... there's
B::Xref, part of the standard perl distribution (at least for 5.6.1). As
all B:: modules, you need to invoke it using -MO=Xref on the command
line.
Well... the results aren't that great, IMO. For example, in this script:
#! perl -w
my $x = 1;
{
my $x = 12;
}
$x++;
I get as a result, amongst a lot of junk:
Subroutine (main)
Package (lexical)
$x i2, i4, 6
As you can see, the lexical $x is introduced twice, i.e the "my"
declaration, recognizable at the "i", but besides that used only once.
So B::Xref ignores the scope of the variable. To me, it's not the same
variable. It's just a variable with the same name. To perl, or better,
to B::Xref, it's the same variable.
But if you're in the habit of using variable names only once in a sub,
it should work:
#! perl -w
my $x = 1;
sub test {
my $x = 12;
}
$x++;
Result:
Subroutine (main)
Package (lexical)
$x i2, 6
Subroutine test
Package (lexical)
$x i4
You can recognize the lexical that's been declared but not used again,
by the fact that there's only one reference.
With a dedicated script for filtering the output, recognising this
pattern (no comma!) a reasonably usable tool could be devised.
--
Bart.
------------------------------
Date: Thu, 16 Aug 2001 22:43:05 -0000
From: Craig Berry <cberry@cinenet.net>
Subject: Re: Will Perl report on variables no longer used??
Message-Id: <Xns90FF9FE4FF12Dcberrycinenetnet1@207.126.101.92>
"Steffen Müller" <tsee@gmx.net> wrote in news:9lh5mm$f5n$04$1@news.t-
online.com:
> "Craig Berry" <cberry@cinenet.net> schrieb im Newsbeitrag
> news:Xns90FF76E37C09Fcberrycinenetnet1@207.126.101.92...
>> Ilya Martynov <ilya@martynov.org> wrote in news:87lmkjsvmw.fsf@abra.ru:
>>
>> > I belive if you run your scripts as 'perl -w' or your script has 'use
>> > warnings' (works in new Perls) it will be reported as warning:
>> >
>> > Name ""%s::%s"" used only once: possible typo
>>
>> This works on globals, but not on lexicals.
>>
>> sub foo {
>> my $bar;
>> 1;
>> }
>>
>> produces no warning about $bar.
>
> Isn't bar destroyed when the sub exits? Hasn't Perl got a GC?
Of course, but that's not what we are discussing. Rather, the problem is
that for lexical variables, perl doesn't warn you about unused variables.
Unused variables, while they aren't harmful (unless due to misspelling, and
strict will catch those), should be removed to improve the clarity of
programs.
--
Craig Berry <http://www.cinenet.net/~cberry/>
"That which is now known, was once only imagined." - William Blake
------------------------------
Date: 16 Aug 2001 23:48:12 GMT
From: abigail@foad.org (Abigail)
Subject: Re: Will Perl report on variables no longer used??
Message-Id: <slrn9nomuf.ksf.abigail@alexandra.xs4all.nl>
Ilya Martynov (ilya@martynov.org) wrote on MMCMVII September MCMXCIII in
<URL:news:87lmkjsvmw.fsf@abra.ru>:
..
.. CCG> Hi everyone,
.. CCG> Occasionally I find myself redoing a sub and in the process I neglect to
.. CCG> remove some my variables that are no longer needed. I forget about them
.. CCG> and they stay there taking up name space. Unwanted and unneeded.
..
.. CCG> Is there some command line switch for Perl or other technique that will
.. CCG> report on a variable not being used? That will return a warning to that
.. CCG> effect?
..
.. CCG> In other languages like Delphi the compiler reports on these kinds of
.. CCG> things so that you can clean up your code of useless variables.
..
.. I belive if you run your scripts as 'perl -w' or your script has 'use
.. warnings' (works in new Perls) it will be reported as warning:
..
.. Name ""%s::%s"" used only once: possible typo
Only on package variables, and Perl is often wrong. Sure, the name might
appear only once in the program text - that doesn't mean the variable
is otherwise unused. I might use a symbolic reference for instance. It's
a package variable after all.
Furthermore, I quite often use lexical variables that appear only once
in the program - yet if the compiler would give a warning of being used
only once, it would be an annoyance as the variable is needed. There are
after all no anonymous scalars.
sub TIESCALAR {
my $proto = shift;
my $class = ref $proto || $proto;
bless \(my $foo = shift) => $class;
}
Abigail
--
perl -MTime::JulianDay -lwe'@r=reverse(M=>(0)x99=>CM=>(0)x399=>D=>(0)x99=>CD=>(
0)x299=>C=>(0)x9=>XC=>(0)x39=>L=>(0)x9=>XL=>(0)x29=>X=>IX=>0=>0=>0=>V=>IV=>0=>0
=>I=>$==-2449231+gm_julian_day+time);do{until($=<$#r){$_.=$r[$#r];$=-=$#r}for(;
!$r[--$#r];){}}while$=;$,="\x20";print+$_=>September=>MCMXCIII=>=>=>=>=>=>=>=>'
------------------------------
Date: 6 Apr 2001 21:33:47 GMT (Last modified)
From: Perl-Users-Request@ruby.oce.orst.edu (Perl-Users-Digest Admin)
Subject: Digest Administrivia (Last modified: 6 Apr 01)
Message-Id: <null>
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End of Perl-Users Digest V10 Issue 1545
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