[12348] in Perl-Users-Digest
Perl-Users Digest, Issue: 5947 Volume: 8
daemon@ATHENA.MIT.EDU (Perl-Users Digest)
Thu Jun 10 12:07:25 1999
Date: Thu, 10 Jun 99 09:01:28 -0700
From: Perl-Users Digest <Perl-Users-Request@ruby.OCE.ORST.EDU>
To: Perl-Users@ruby.OCE.ORST.EDU (Perl-Users Digest)
Perl-Users Digest Thu, 10 Jun 1999 Volume: 8 Number: 5947
Today's topics:
Re: Perldoc and Perlfaq <tchrist@mox.perl.com>
Re: Perldoc and Perlfaq <tchrist@mox.perl.com>
Re: print command (<<) in perl CGI <"tapplega--just remove this--"@utk.edu>
Special: Digest Administrivia (Last modified: 12 Dec 98 (Perl-Users-Digest Admin)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 10 Jun 1999 09:26:57 -0700
From: Tom Christiansen <tchrist@mox.perl.com>
Subject: Re: Perldoc and Perlfaq
Message-Id: <375fd941@cs.colorado.edu>
[courtesy cc of this posting mailed to cited author]
In comp.lang.perl.misc,
R.Joseph <streaking_pyro@my-deja.com> writes:
:I know this may sound stupid but I just got my hands on a copy of
:Slackware Linux, and I keep hearing much about "perldoc" and "perlfaq"
:and these things. Are these availible in Linux? If so, how would I go
:about using them? Any help is great, thanks.
% man perl
% man perlfaq
% man perlfaq3
% man perldata
% man Socket
% man CGI
% man overload
And if you're really lucky, and you sysadmin has run splitpod
and then manified the resulting files,
% man dbmopen
% man chomp
etc.
Current versions (including for the functions) are available
from links hanging off of http://language.perl.com/admin/whats_new.html
for your downloading pleasure.
--tom
--
Someone who truly understands Unix not only understands why "rm *"
screws you, but understands why IT HAS TO BE THAT WAY.
------------------------------
Date: 10 Jun 1999 09:36:03 -0700
From: Tom Christiansen <tchrist@mox.perl.com>
Subject: Re: Perldoc and Perlfaq
Message-Id: <375fdb63@cs.colorado.edu>
[courtesy cc of this posting mailed to cited author]
In comp.lang.perl.misc,
R.Joseph <streaking_pyro@my-deja.com> writes:
:I know this may sound stupid but I just got my hands on a copy of
:Slackware Linux, and I keep hearing much about "perldoc" and "perlfaq"
perldoc is an embarrassing mistake and misunderstanding.
The problem with perldoc is that it is not generalizable or extensible
to any docset. It only works for the perl distribution, and then
only idiosyncratically. It was not designed. It tries to do many
different unrelated things. It was kludged as one hulking brute of an
application. I believe that the wrong set of primitives were chosen.
Actually, primitives weren't chosen, but special hacks added. That's
the problem. It should be several separate interchangeable tools. With
interchangeability, comes power. This is not a power tool. It's a hack,
one that grew beyond its purpose into something that should not live.
Here are the perldoc options:
-h help
Yes, that one is fine.
-v verbose
So is that.
But the rest are range from dubious to lousy:
-t text output
That's merely:
pod2text `pmpath MODULE`
as opposed to:
pod2man `pmpath MODULE` | nroff -man
-u unformatted
That's merely:
cat `pmpath MODULE`
-m module
That's merely:
$PAGER `pmpath MODULE`
-l file name only
That's merely:
pmpath MODULE
-F file names
That's merely:
pod2text FILE
or
pod2man FILE | nroff -man
-f perlfunc
That's indicative of a poorly thought out feature. Rather
than hacking perldoc, one should have fixed the documentation
installation itself. You can see this is dumb because it should
not be embarrassginly hardcoded to work only for things from
perlfunc. What about =items somewhere else? Of course, those
=itme function functions should all be in their own separate
documents, as splitpod produces. What about catting a function
doc from POSIX.pod? How about catting the real function from
POSIX.pm?
-q perlfaq
Once again, a very bad idea. Why should you there be
so much built-in knowledge? What if you want to check
the =head[12]s on other documents?
-X use an index if present
Yet another hack. Does this work for a non-perl-distribution
tree? What builds this? What is this really? Isn't this just
a bad substitute for the whatis database?
We should have either written a portable replacement for man that groks
pods, or we should have written nice interchangeable pieces.
Instead, we have this anti-toolthink hack that just keeps getting worse
and worse as more kludges are stuffed into it.
Shoot it now.
>From the pmtools distribution in
http://langauge.perl.com/misc/pmtools-1.00.tar.gz that are referenced
from http://language.perl.com/admin/whats_new.html if that's hard to type:
Here's its README. This is just the product of an evening's hacking, but
you can see the bottom entries for approaches that I consider less
monolithically idiotic vis-a-vis poddocs.
% cat pmtools/README
=========================================================
pmpath - show the module's full path
$ pmpath Carp
/usr/local/devperl/lib/5.00554/Carp.pm
=========================================================
pmvers - get a module version number
$ pmvers CGI
2.46
$ perl5.00404 -S pmvers CGI
2.42
$ devperl -S pmvers CGI
2.46
=========================================================
pmdesc - get a module description
$ pmdesc IO::Dir
IO::Dir (1.03) - supply object methods for directory handles
=========================================================
pmall - get all installed modules pmdesc descriptions
$ pmall
Pod::Html (1.01) - module to convert pod files to HTML
Config - access Perl configuration information
DB_File (1.61) - Perl5 access to Berkeley DB
DynaLoader (1.03) - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code
Fcntl (1.03) - load the C Fcntl.h defines
File::Basename (2.6) - split a pathname into pieces
(etc)
This one is a bit crufty. It takes some options.
Check out the source.
=========================================================
pmdirs - print the perl module path, newline separated
$ pmdirs
/home/tchrist/perllib/i686-linux
/home/tchrist/perllib
/usr/local/devperl/lib/5.00554/i686-linux
/usr/local/devperl/lib/5.00554
/usr/local/devperl/lib/site_perl/5.00554/i686-linux
/usr/local/devperl/lib/site_perl/5.00554
.
$ filsperl -S pmdirs
/home/tchrist/perllib
/usr/local/filsperl/lib/5.00554/i686-linux-thread
/usr/local/filsperl/lib/5.00554
/usr/local/filsperl/lib/site_perl/5.00554/i686-linux-thread
/usr/local/filsperl/lib/site_perl/5.00554
.
=========================================================
plxload - show what files a given program loads at compile time
$ plxload perldoc
/usr/local/devperl/lib/5.00554/Exporter.pm
/usr/local/devperl/lib/5.00554/strict.pm
/usr/local/devperl/lib/5.00554/vars.pm
/usr/local/devperl/lib/5.00554/i686-linux/Config.pm
/usr/local/devperl/lib/5.00554/Getopt/Std.pm
$ plxload /usr/src/perl5.005_54/installhtml
/usr/local/devperl/lib/5.00554/Carp.pm
/usr/local/devperl/lib/5.00554/Exporter.pm
/usr/local/devperl/lib/5.00554/auto/Getopt/Long/autosplit.ix
/usr/local/devperl/lib/5.00554/strict.pm
/usr/local/devperl/lib/5.00554/vars.pm
/usr/local/devperl/lib/5.00554/Pod/Functions.pm
/usr/local/devperl/lib/5.00554/Getopt/Long.pm
/usr/local/devperl/lib/5.00554/i686-linux/Config.pm
/usr/local/devperl/lib/5.00554/lib.pm
/home/tchrist/perllib/Pod/Html.pm
/usr/local/devperl/lib/5.00554/Cwd.pm
/usr/local/devperl/lib/5.00554/AutoLoader.pm
=========================================================
pmload - show what files a given module loads at compile time
$ pmload IO::Handle
/usr/local/devperl/lib/5.00554/Exporter.pm
/usr/local/devperl/lib/5.00554/Carp.pm
/usr/local/devperl/lib/5.00554/strict.pm
/usr/local/devperl/lib/5.00554/vars.pm
/usr/local/devperl/lib/5.00554/i686-linux/DynaLoader.pm
/usr/local/devperl/lib/5.00554/i686-linux/IO/Handle.pm
/usr/local/devperl/lib/5.00554/Symbol.pm
/usr/local/devperl/lib/5.00554/i686-linux/IO/File.pm
/usr/local/devperl/lib/5.00554/SelectSaver.pm
/usr/local/devperl/lib/5.00554/i686-linux/Fcntl.pm
/usr/local/devperl/lib/5.00554/AutoLoader.pm
/usr/local/devperl/lib/5.00554/i686-linux/IO.pm
/usr/local/devperl/lib/5.00554/i686-linux/IO/Seekable.pm
$ cat `pmload IO::File` | wc -l
3131
$ pmload Tk
/usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/Tk/Pretty.pm
/usr/lib/perl5/Symbol.pm
/usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/Tk/Frame.pm
/usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/Tk/Toplevel.pm
/usr/lib/perl5/strict.pm
/usr/lib/perl5/Exporter.pm
/usr/lib/perl5/vars.pm
/usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/auto/Tk/Wm/autosplit.ix
/usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/auto/Tk/Widget/autosplit.ix
/usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/Tk.pm
/usr/lib/perl5/i386-linux/5.00404/DynaLoader.pm
/usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/auto/Tk/Frame/autosplit.ix
/usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/auto/Tk/Toplevel/autosplit.ix
/usr/lib/perl5/Carp.pm
/usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/auto/Tk/autosplit.ix
/usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/Tk/CmdLine.pm
/usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/Tk/MainWindow.pm
/usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/Tk/Submethods.pm
/usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/Tk/Configure.pm
/usr/lib/perl5/AutoLoader.pm
/usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/Tk/Derived.pm
/usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/Tk/Image.pm
/usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/Tk/Wm.pm
/usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/Tk/Widget.pm
=========================================================
pmexp - show a module's exports
$ pmexp Text::ParseWords
Text::ParseWords automatically exports shellwords, quotewords, nested_quotewords, and parse_line
Text::ParseWords optionally exports old_shellwords
$ pmexp Text::Wrap
Text::Wrap automatically exports wrap and fill
Text::Wrap optionally exports $columns, $break, and $huge
$ pmexp Fcntl
Fcntl automatically exports FD_CLOEXEC, F_DUPFD, F_EXLCK, F_GETFD, F_GETFL, F_GETLK, F_GETLK64, F_GETOWN, F_POSIX, F_RDLCK, F_SETFD, F_SETFL, F_SETLK, F_SETLK64, F_SETLKW, F_SETLKW64, F_SETOWN, F_SHLCK, F_UNLCK, F_WRLCK, O_ACCMODE, O_APPEND, O_ASYNC, O_BINARY, O_CREAT, O_DEFER, O_DSYNC, O_EXCL, O_EXLOCK, O_LARGEFILE, O_NDELAY, O_NOCTTY, O_NONBLOCK, O_RDONLY, O_RDWR, O_RSYNC, O_SHLOCK, O_SYNC, O_TEXT, O_TRUNC, and O_WRONLY
Fcntl optionally exports FAPPEND, FASYNC, FCREAT, FDEFER, FEXCL, FNDELAY, FNONBLOCK, FSYNC, FTRUNC, LOCK_EX, LOCK_NB, LOCK_SH, and LOCK_UN
Fcntl export tag `Fcompat' includes FAPPEND, FASYNC, FCREAT, FDEFER, FEXCL, FNDELAY, FNONBLOCK, FSYNC, and FTRUNC
Fcntl export tag `flock' includes LOCK_SH, LOCK_EX, LOCK_NB, and LOCK_UN
=========================================================
pminst - find what's installed
$ pminst
(lists all installed modules)
$ pminst Carp
CGI::Carp
Carp
$ pminst ^IO::
IO::Socket::INET
IO::Socket::UNIX
IO::Select
IO::Socket
IO::Poll
IO::Handle
IO::Pipe
IO::Seekable
IO::Dir
IO::File
$ pminst '(?i)io'
IO::Socket::INET
IO::Socket::UNIX
IO::Select
IO::Socket
IO::Poll
IO::Handle
IO::Pipe
IO::Seekable
IO::Dir
IO::File
IO
Pod::Functions
The -s flag provides output with the directory separated
by a space:
$ pminst -s | sort +1
(lists all modules, sorted by name, but with where they
came from)
$ perl5.00404 -S pminst -s IO
/usr/lib/perl5/i386-linux/5.00404 IO::File
/usr/lib/perl5/i386-linux/5.00404 IO::Handle
/usr/lib/perl5/i386-linux/5.00404 IO::Pipe
/usr/lib/perl5/i386-linux/5.00404 IO::Seekable
/usr/lib/perl5/i386-linux/5.00404 IO::Select
/usr/lib/perl5/i386-linux/5.00404 IO::Socket
/usr/lib/perl5/i386-linux/5.00404 IO
/usr/lib/perl5/site_perl LWP::IO
/usr/lib/perl5/site_perl LWP::TkIO
/usr/lib/perl5/site_perl Tk::HTML::IO
/usr/lib/perl5/site_perl Tk::IO
/usr/lib/perl5/site_perl IO::Stringy
/usr/lib/perl5/site_perl IO::Wrap
/usr/lib/perl5/site_perl IO::ScalarArray
/usr/lib/perl5/site_perl IO::Scalar
/usr/lib/perl5/site_perl IO::Lines
/usr/lib/perl5/site_perl IO::WrapTie
/usr/lib/perl5/site_perl IO::AtomicFile
The -l flag gives full paths:
$ filsperl -S pminst -l Thread
/usr/local/filsperl/lib/5.00554/i686-linux-thread/Thread/Queue.pm
/usr/local/filsperl/lib/5.00554/i686-linux-thread/Thread/Semaphore.pm
/usr/local/filsperl/lib/5.00554/i686-linux-thread/Thread/Signal.pm
/usr/local/filsperl/lib/5.00554/i686-linux-thread/Thread/Specific.pm
/usr/local/filsperl/lib/5.00554/i686-linux-thread/Thread.pm
=========================================================
pmeth - list a class's methods, recursively
$ pmeth IO::Socket
AF_INET
AF_UNIX
INADDR_ANY
INADDR_BROADCAST
INADDR_LOOPBACK
INADDR_NONE
SOCK_DGRAM
SOCK_RAW
SOCK_STREAM
accept
bind
carp
confess
configure
connect
connected
croak
getsockopt
import
inet_aton
inet_ntoa
listen
new
pack_sockaddr_in
pack_sockaddr_un
peername
protocol
recv
register_domain
send
setsockopt
shutdown
sockaddr_in
sockaddr_un
sockdomain
socket
socketpair
sockname
sockopt
socktype
timeout
unpack_sockaddr_in
unpack_sockaddr_un
DESTROY via IO::Handle
SEEK_CUR via IO::Handle
SEEK_END via IO::Handle
SEEK_SET via IO::Handle
_IOFBF via IO::Handle
_IOLBF via IO::Handle
_IONBF via IO::Handle
_open_mode_string via IO::Handle
autoflush via IO::Handle
blocking via IO::Handle
[overridden] carp via IO::Handle
clearerr via IO::Handle
close via IO::Handle
[overridden] confess via IO::Handle
constant via IO::Handle
[overridden] croak via IO::Handle
eof via IO::Handle
error via IO::Handle
fcntl via IO::Handle
fdopen via IO::Handle
fileno via IO::Handle
flush via IO::Handle
format_formfeed via IO::Handle
format_line_break_characters via IO::Handle
format_lines_left via IO::Handle
format_lines_per_page via IO::Handle
format_name via IO::Handle
format_page_number via IO::Handle
format_top_name via IO::Handle
format_write via IO::Handle
formline via IO::Handle
gensym via IO::Handle
getc via IO::Handle
getline via IO::Handle
getlines via IO::Handle
gets via IO::Handle
input_line_number via IO::Handle
input_record_separator via IO::Handle
ioctl via IO::Handle
[overridden] new via IO::Handle
new_from_fd via IO::Handle
opened via IO::Handle
output_field_separator via IO::Handle
output_record_separator via IO::Handle
print via IO::Handle
printf via IO::Handle
printflush via IO::Handle
qualify via IO::Handle
qualify_to_ref via IO::Handle
read via IO::Handle
setbuf via IO::Handle
setvbuf via IO::Handle
stat via IO::Handle
sync via IO::Handle
sysread via IO::Handle
syswrite via IO::Handle
truncate via IO::Handle
ungensym via IO::Handle
ungetc via IO::Handle
untaint via IO::Handle
write via IO::Handle
_push_tags via Exporter via IO::Handle
export via Exporter via IO::Handle
export_fail via Exporter via IO::Handle
export_ok_tags via Exporter via IO::Handle
export_tags via Exporter via IO::Handle
export_to_level via Exporter via IO::Handle
[overridden] import via Exporter via IO::Handle
require_version via Exporter via IO::Handle
VERSION via UNIVERSAL
can via UNIVERSAL
[overridden] import via UNIVERSAL
isa via UNIVERSAL
You might want to send that through grep or grep -v looking
for "via" or "overridden".
=========================================================
pmls - long list the module path
$ pmls CGI
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 190901 Dec 6 03:19
/usr/local/devperl/lib/5.00554/CGI.pm
This is mostly here for people too lazy to type
$ ls -l `pmpath CGI`
=========================================================
pmcat - cat the module source through your pager
$ pmcat CGI
This is mostly here for people too lazy to type
$ more `pmpath CGI`
=========================================================
pman - show the module's pod docs
$ pman CGI
$ pman Curses
This is mostly here for people too lazy to type
$ pod2text `pmpath CGI` | more
=========================================================
pmfunc - show a function source code from a module
$ pmfunc Cwd::getcwd
sub getcwd
{
abs_path('.');
}
This is mostly here for people who are too lazy to type
sed '/^sub getcwd/,/}/p' `pmpath Cwd`
or
perl -ne 'print if /^sub\s+getcwd\b/ .. /}/' `pmpath Cwd`
=========================================================
podgrep - grep in pods of a file
Flags:
-i means case insensitive match
-p means page output
-f means format output
-h means check for matches in pod =head and =item headers alone,
and to keep printing podagraphs until the next header is found.
$ podgrep mail `pmpath CGI`
(prints out podagraphs from the CGI.pm manpage that mention mail)
$ podgrep -i destructor `sitepods`
(prints out podagraphs that mention destructors in the
site-installed pods)
$ podgrep -i 'type.?glob' `stdpods`
(prints out podagraphs that mention typeglob in the
standard pods)
$ podgrep -hpfi "lock" `faqpods`
(prints out all podagraphs with "lock" in the headers
case-insensitively, then then formats these with pod2text, then
shows them in the pager with matches high-lighted)
$ podgrep -fh seek `podpath perlfunc`
(prints out and formats podagraphs from the standard perlfunc manpage
whose headers or items contain "seek".)
=========================================================
pfcat - show pods from perlfunc
(uses podgrep, uses those options)
$ pfcat seek
is like
$ podgrep -h seek `podpath perlfunc`
Whereas
$ pfcat -pf seek
is like
$ podgrep -pfh seek `podpath perlfunc`
which is like
$ podgrep -h seek `podpath perlfunc` | podtext | $PAGER +/seek
=========================================================
podtoc - list table of contents of a podpage
$ podtoc `pmpath CGI`
NAME
SYNOPSIS
ABSTRACT
DESCRIPTION
PROGRAMMING STYLE
CALLING CGI.PM ROUTINES
* 1. Use another name for the argument, if one is available. For
example, -value is an alias for -values.
* 2. Change the capitalization, e.g. -Values
(etc)
=========================================================
podpath - show full path of pod file
(like pmpath, but works on standard manpages, too)
$ podpath Cwd
/usr/local/devperl/lib/5.00554/Cwd.pm
$ devperl -S podpath perlfunc
/usr/local/devperl/lib/5.00554/pod/perlfunc.pod
$ oldperl -S podpath IO::Handle
/usr/lib/perl5/i386-linux/5.00404/IO/Handle.pm
$ filsperl -S podpath Thread
/usr/local/filsperl/lib/5.00554/i686-linux-thread/Thread.pm
=========================================================
pods - list all standard pods and module pods
$ pods
=========================================================
sitepods - list only pods in site_perl directories
$ sitepods
/usr/local/devperl/lib/site_perl/5.00554/i686-linux/XML/Parser/Expat.pm
/usr/local/devperl/lib/site_perl/5.00554/i686-linux/XML/Parser.pm
=========================================================
basepods - list only normal "man-page" style pods
$ basepods | grep delt
/usr/local/devperl/lib/5.00554/pod/perl5004delta.pod
/usr/local/devperl/lib/5.00554/pod/perl5005delta.pod
/usr/local/devperl/lib/5.00554/pod/perldelta.pod
=========================================================
faqpods - list only faq pods
=========================================================
modpods - all module pods, including site_perl ones
=========================================================
stdpods - list standard pods, not site_perl ones
--tom
--
California is a fine place to live --if you happen to be an orange.
--Fred Allen
------------------------------
Date: Thu, 10 Jun 1999 11:17:35 -0400
From: Toby <"tapplega--just remove this--"@utk.edu>
Subject: Re: print command (<<) in perl CGI
Message-Id: <375FD70F.9B9B626C@utk.edu>
What sort of system are you running and what webserver? Sounds like
misconfiguration in CGI on your webserver. Be sure that the script is in a
directory that allows execution (like 'cgi-bin'!).
Toby
sunil@india-times.com wrote:
> Hello there
>
> I am writting a script in perl for one of my web application. when i
> execute the script instead of showing the ouput on the screen
> it generate/create a file and put the output in that file and offer it
> as if unknown/new file type to save. Here is the piece of code Pls.
> expedite the things.
>
> $nn=<<"EOT"
> <HTML>
> <BODY>
> <P>hello $$</P>
> </P>
> </BODY>
> </HTML>
> EOT
> ;
>
> print "Content-type: text/html\n\n";
> print $nn;
>
> Thanks & Regards
> Sunil Dua
> sunil@india-times.com
>
> Sent via Deja.com http://www.deja.com/
> Share what you know. Learn what you don't.
------------------------------
Date: 12 Dec 98 21:33:47 GMT (Last modified)
From: Perl-Request@ruby.oce.orst.edu (Perl-Users-Digest Admin)
Subject: Special: Digest Administrivia (Last modified: 12 Dec 98)
Message-Id: <null>
Administrivia:
Well, after 6 months, here's the answer to the quiz: what do we do about
comp.lang.perl.moderated. Answer: nothing.
]From: Russ Allbery <rra@stanford.edu>
]Date: 21 Sep 1998 19:53:43 -0700
]Subject: comp.lang.perl.moderated available via e-mail
]
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------------------------------
End of Perl-Users Digest V8 Issue 5947
**************************************
