[114219] in North American Network Operators' Group
Re: Where to buy Internet IP addresses
daemon@ATHENA.MIT.EDU (Stephen Sprunk)
Mon May 4 17:36:48 2009
Date: Mon, 04 May 2009 16:36:16 -0500
From: Stephen Sprunk <stephen@sprunk.org>
To: Bill Stewart <nonobvious@gmail.com>
In-Reply-To: <18a5e7cb0905041403q47b78c1cvaba1452c6e6e4f0@mail.gmail.com>
Cc: north American Noise and Off-topic Gripes <nanog@merit.edu>,
Joe Greco <jgreco@ns.sol.net>
Errors-To: nanog-bounces+nanog.discuss=bloom-picayune.mit.edu@nanog.org
This is a cryptographically signed message in MIME format.
--------------ms090907080304080304070102
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8; format=flowed
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Bill Stewart wrote:
> When I came back, I found this ugly EUI-64 thing instead, so not only was autoconfiguration much uglier, but you needed a /56 instead of a /64 if you were going to subnet.
It's supposed to be a /48 per customer, on the assumption that 16 bits
of subnet information is sufficient for virtually anyone; exceptions
should be rare enough that they can be handled as special cases.
The /56 monstrosity came about because a US cable company wanted to
assign a prefix to every home they passed, regardless of whether it
contained a customer, so that they'd never need to renumber anything
ever again. However, that would require they get more than the /32
minimum allocation, and ARIN policy doesn't allow _potential_ customers
as a justification for getting a larger allocation, so they had to
shrink the per-customer prefix down to a /56 to fit them all into a
single /32. If all those assignments were to _real_ customers, they
could have gotten a /24 and given each customer a /48 as expected. And,
after that, many folks who can't wrap their heads around the size of the
IPv6 address space appear to be obsessed with doing the same in other
cases where even that weak justification doesn't apply...
> Does anybody know why anybody thought it was a good idea to put the extra bits in the middle, or for IPv6 to adopt them?
>
Why the switch from EUI-48 to EUI-64? Someone in the IEEE got worried
about running short of MAC (er, EUI-48) addresses at some point in the
future, so they inserted 16 bits in the middle (after the OUI) to form
an EUI-64 and are now "discouraging" new uses of EUI-48. The IETF
decided to follow the IEEE's guidance and switch IPv6 autoconfig from
EUI-48 to EUI-64, but FireWire is the only significant user of EUI-64
addresses to date; if you're using a link layer with EUI-48 addresses
(e.g. Ethernet), an extra 16 bits (FFFE) get stuffed in the middle to
transform it into the EUI-64 that IPv6 expects.
S
--
Stephen Sprunk "God does not play dice." --Albert Einstein
CCIE #3723 "God is an inveterate gambler, and He throws the
K5SSS dice at every possible opportunity." --Stephen Hawking
--------------ms090907080304080304070102
Content-Type: application/x-pkcs7-signature; name="smime.p7s"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64
Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="smime.p7s"
Content-Description: S/MIME Cryptographic Signature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--------------ms090907080304080304070102--
