[93578] in tlhIngan-Hol
Re: [Tlhingan-hol] Der
daemon@ATHENA.MIT.EDU (Robyn Stewart)
Thu Jun 7 16:31:52 2012
Date: Thu, 07 Jun 2012 14:28:12 -0600
To: tlhIngan-Hol@stodi.digitalkingdom.org
From: Robyn Stewart <robyn@flyingstart.ca>
In-Reply-To: <E835583A-AAD1-4369-942E-9C58C5A992C6@gmail.com>
Errors-To: tlhingan-hol-bounces@stodi.digitalkingdom.org
At 14:00 '?????' 6/7/2012, lojmIt tI'wI'nuv wrote:
>Perhaps others have already known this, but I =
>was just watching an old video on flying and =
>when discussing dirigibles, contrasting them to =
>balloons, the narrator pointed out that =
>"Dirigible means steerable." The only kind of =
>steering that a dirigible has is yaw. Though =
>it's spelled beginning with "dir", the English =
>pronunciation comes closer to the Klingon {Der}.
Neat. I think it's uncontested that our airship =
about an axis actions come from the [rud]Der, =
[eleva]tor and aile[ron]s of an airplane but you =
made me explore the English etymology.
Dirigible and direct both come from dis "apart" + =
regere "to guide" and go back to a postulated =
proto-Indo-European root *reg- "move in a =
straight line." Rudder comes from adding a tool =
suffix -thra to a root ro- that means steer. =
Despite the similarity of meaning, the =
etymologies of ro and reg don't seem to intersect.
These are all from <http://www.etymonline.com/>http://www.etymonline.com.
dirigible
"airship," 1885, from Fr. dirigeable, lit. =
"capable of being directed or guided," from L. =
dirigere (see =
<http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=3Ddirect&allowed_in_frame=3D0>dir=
ect =
(v.)). The word existed as an adjective in =
English from 1580s, with the literal sense.
<http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=3Ddirect&allowed_in_frame=3D0>dir=
ect =
(v.)<http://dictionary.reference.com/search?q=3Ddirect>
late 14c., "to write (to someone), to address," =
from L. directus "straight," pp. of dirigere "set =
straight," from dis- "apart" (see =
<http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=3Ddis-&allowed_in_frame=3D0>dis-) =
+ regere "to guide" (see =
<http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=3Dregal&allowed_in_frame=3D0>rega=
l). =
Cf. =
<http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=3Ddress&allowed_in_frame=3D0>dres=
s; =
<http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=3Daddress&allowed_in_frame=3D0>ad=
dress. =
Meaning "to govern, regulate" is from c.1500; "to =
order, ordain" is from 1650s. Sense of "to write =
the destination on the outside of a letter" is =
from 16c. Of plays, films, etc., from 1913. Related: Directed; directing.
<http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=3Dregal&allowed_in_frame=3D0>rega=
l<http://dictionary.reference.com/search?q=3Dregal> =
early 14c., from L. regalis "royal, kingly, =
belonging to a king," from rex (gen. regis) =
"king," from PIE root *reg- "move in a straight =
line," hence, "direct, rule, guide" (cf. Skt. =
raj- "a king, a leader;" Avestan razeyeiti =
"directs;" Pers. rahst "right, correct;" L. =
regere "to rule," rex "a king, a leader," =
rectus"right, correct;" O.Ir. ri, Gaelic righ "a =
king;" Gaul. -rix "a king," in personal names, =
e.g. Vircingetorix; Goth. reiks "a leader;" O.E. =
rice "kingdom," -ric"king," rice "rich, =
powerful," riht "correct;" Goth. raihts, O.H.G. =
recht, O.Swed. reht, O.N. rettr "correct").
<http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=3Drudder&allowed_in_frame=3D0>rud=
der<http://dictionary.reference.com/search?q=3Drudder> =
O.E. ro=F0or "paddle, oar," from P.Gmc. *rothru- =
(cf. O.Fris. roder, M.L.G. roder, M.Du. roeder, =
Du. roer, O.H.G. ruodar, Ger. Ruder "oar"), from =
*ro-"steer" (see =
<http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=3Drow&allowed_in_frame=3D0>row =
(v.)) + suffix -=FEra, used to form neutral names =
of tools. Meaning "broad, flat piece of wood =
attached to the stern of a boat and used for =
steering" is from c.1300. Spelling with -d- for -th- first recorded mid-15c.
<http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=3Drow&allowed_in_frame=3D0>row =
(v.)<http://dictionary.reference.com/search?q=3Drow>
"propel with oars," O.E. rowan (class VII strong =
verb; past tense reow, pp. rowen), from P.Gmc. =
*ro- (cf. O.N. roa, Du. roeien, W.Fris. roeije, =
M.H.G.r=FCejen), from PIE root *ere- (1) "to row" =
(cf. Skt. aritrah "oar;" Gk. eressein "to row," =
eretmon "oar," trieres "trireme;" L. remus "oar;" =
Lith. iriu "to row," irklas "oar;" O.Ir. rome "oar," O.E. ro=F0or "rudder")=
. =
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