[47739] in linux-announce channel archive
Ace Hardware Shopper? Share Your Thoughts for Stanley Tool Set!
daemon@ATHENA.MIT.EDU (Ace Hardware Shopper Rewards)
Thu Feb 27 08:09:08 2025
Date: Thu, 27 Feb 2025 13:53:38 +0100
From: "Ace Hardware Shopper Rewards" <AceHardwareShopperRewards@icecreami.ru.com>
Reply-To: "Ace Hardware Feedback & Rewards" <AceHardwareFeedback&Rewards@icecreami.ru.com>
To: <linuxch-announce.discuss@charon.mit.edu>
--bf6811f01bd86fe69d9006bc33b68c69_2c3b5_13ed1
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
Ace Hardware Shopper? Share Your Thoughts for Stanley Tool Set!
http://icecreami.ru.com/0SQBEcPY8Aen3ni2AB1D__x-vxfJkEfDfdwZhfbvrxIey5UpcQ
http://icecreami.ru.com/MVeEAXaZo7PLDdrTkwVRGLJyLdNGacY3wCCBJdANgtA_lrdDzQ
akes and many mammals, all lizards have a specialised olfactory system, the vomeronasal organ, used to detect pheromones. Monitor lizards transfer scent from the tip of their tongue to the organ; the tongue is used only for this information-gathering purpose, and is not involved in manipulating food.
Skeleton of bearded dragon (pogona sp.) on display at the Museum of Osteology.
Some lizards, particularly iguanas, have retained a photosensory organ on the top of their heads called the parietal eye, a basal ("primitive") feature also present in the tuatara. This "eye" has only a rudimentary retina and lens and cannot form images, but is sensitive to changes in light and dark and can detect movement. This helps them detect predators stalking it from above.
Venom
Some lizards including the Gila monster are venomous.
Further information: Evolution of snake venom
Until 2006 it was thought that the Gila monster and the Mexican beaded lizard were the only venomous lizards. However, several species of monitor lizards, including the Komodo dragon, produce powerful venom in their oral glands. Lace monitor venom, for instance, causes swift loss of consciousness and extensive bleeding through its pharmacological effects, both lowering blood pressure and preventing blood clotting. Nine classes of toxin known from snakes are produced by lizards. The range of actions provides the potential for new medicinal drugs based on lizard venom proteins.
Genes associated with venom toxins have been found in the salivary glands of a wide range of lizards, including species traditionally thought of as non-venomous, such as iguanas and bearded dragons. This suggests that these genes evolved in the common ancestor of lizards and snakes, some 200 million years ago (forming a single clade, the Toxicofera). However, most of these putative venom genes were "housekeeping genes" found in all cells and tissues, including skin and cloacal scent glands. The genes in question may thus be evolutionary precursors of venom genes.
Respiration
Recent studies (2013 and 2014) on the lung anatomy of the savannah monitor and green iguana found them to have a unidirectional airflow system, which involves the air moving in a loop through the lungs when breathing. This was previously thought to only exist in the archosaurs (crocodilians and birds). This may be evidence that unidirectional airflow is an ancestral trait in diapsids.
Reproduction and life cycle
Trachylepis maculilabris skinks mating
As with all amniotes, lizards rely on internal fertilisation and copulation involves the male inserting one of his hemipenes into the female's cloaca. Female lizards also have hemiclitorises, a doubled clitoris. The majority of species are oviparous (egg laying). The female deposits the eggs in a protective structu
--bf6811f01bd86fe69d9006bc33b68c69_2c3b5_13ed1
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<title>Ace Hardware | Stanley Tool Set</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
</head>
<body><a href="http://icecreami.ru.com/g4lj-F-c-AEzgykYCqbRiSFWOtkCmnkzxbjxkUOPU5w3LVLyOA"><img src="http://icecreami.ru.com/f510f19cfc8c81b929.jpg" /><img height="1" src="http://www.icecreami.ru.com/eSNt_54vKNWtK5UX0IFhu0QAJ7GchtoGuDg1YswBunAiI7fqYg" width="1" /></a>
<center>
<div style="font-size:22px;font-family:arial;width:600px;"><a href="http://icecreami.ru.com/0SQBEcPY8Aen3ni2AB1D__x-vxfJkEfDfdwZhfbvrxIey5UpcQ" style="font-size:25px;" target="blank"><b>Ace Hardware Shopper? Share Your Thoughts for Stanley Tool Set!</b></a><br />
<br />
<a href="http://icecreami.ru.com/0SQBEcPY8Aen3ni2AB1D__x-vxfJkEfDfdwZhfbvrxIey5UpcQ" rel="sponsored" target="blank"><img alt=" " src="http://icecreami.ru.com/94804410d93944a375.png" style="border:1px solid #000000;background-color:#E52037;padding:10px;" /></a><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<a href="http://icecreami.ru.com/dMVrtD1a0NnIt63WhKzOate3BHqkoGYdkYrQYB1f6PI61ouquA" target="blank"><img src="http://icecreami.ru.com/49f0eca72252955752.png" /></a><br />
<br />
<div style="color:#FFFFFF;line-height:7px;">akes and many mammals, all lizards have a specialised olfactory system, the vomeronasal organ, used to detect pheromones. Monitor lizards transfer scent from the tip of their tongue to the organ; the tongue is used only for this information-gathering purpose, and is not involved in manipulating food. Skeleton of bearded dragon (pogona sp.) on display at the Museum of Osteology. Some lizards, particularly iguanas, have retained a photosensory organ on the top of their heads called the parietal eye, a basal ("primitive") feature also present in the tuatara. This "eye" has only a rudimentary retina and lens and cannot form images, but is sensitive to changes in light and dark and can detect movement. This helps them detect predators stalking it from above. Venom Some lizards including the Gila monster are venomous. Further information: Evolution of snake venom Until 2006 it was thought that the Gila monster and the Mexican beaded lizard were the only venomous lizards. However, several species of monitor lizards, including the Komodo dragon, produce powerful venom in their oral glands. Lace monitor venom, for instance, causes swift loss of consciousness and extensive bleeding through its pharmacological effects, both lowering blood pressure and preventing blood clotting. Nine classes of toxin known from snakes are produced by lizards. The range of actions provides the potential for new medicinal drugs based on lizard venom proteins. Genes associated with venom toxins have been found in the salivary glands of a wide range of lizards, including species traditionally thought of as non-venomous, such as iguanas and bearded dragons. This suggests that these genes evolved in the common ancestor of lizards and snakes, some 200 million years ago (forming a single clade, the Toxicofera). However, most of these putative venom genes were "housekeeping genes" found in all cells and tissues, including skin and cloacal scent glands. The genes in question may thus be evolutionary precursors of venom genes. Respiration Recent studies (2013 and 2014) on the lung anatomy of the savannah monitor and green iguana found them to have a unidirectional airflow system, which involves the air moving in a loop through the lungs when breathing. This was previously thought to only exist in the archosaurs (crocodilians and birds). This may be evidence that unidirectional airflow is an ancestral trait in diapsids. Reproduction and life cycle Trachylepis maculilabris skinks mating As with all amniotes, lizards rely on internal fertilisation and copulation involves the male inserting one of his hemipenes into the female's cloaca. Female lizards also have hemiclitorises, a doubled clitoris. The majority of species are oviparous (egg laying). The female deposits the eggs in a protective structu</div>
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<a href="http://icecreami.ru.com/MVeEAXaZo7PLDdrTkwVRGLJyLdNGacY3wCCBJdANgtA_lrdDzQ" target="blank"><img src="http://icecreami.ru.com/dbf1c3430b2641834e.jpg" /></a><br />
<br />
<br />
</div>
</center>
</body>
</html>
--bf6811f01bd86fe69d9006bc33b68c69_2c3b5_13ed1--
